Idrayivu ye-hydraulic yamabhuleki kanye ne-clutch yezimoto iqukethe iyunithi eyenza ukulawula lezi zinhlelo - i-vacuum amplifier.Funda konke mayelana namabhuleki e-vacuum kanye nama-clutch booster, izinhlobo zawo nemiklamo, kanye nokukhetha, ukulungiswa kanye nokushintshwa kwalawa mayunithi esihlokweni esivezwe kuwebhusayithi.
Iyini i-vacuum amplifier?
I-vacuum booster (VU) - ingxenye yesistimu ye-brake kanye ne-clutch ene-hydraulic drive yezimoto ezinamasondo;Idivayisi ye-pneumomechanical ehlinzeka ngokukhuphuka kwamandla kubhuleki noma i-clutch pedal ngenxa yomehluko wokucindezela komoya emigodini evalekile.
Isistimu yokubhuleka esebenza nge-hydraulically esetshenziswa ezimotweni eziningi kanye namaloli amaningi anesici esibi kakhulu - umshayeli kufanele asebenzise amandla amakhulu ku-pedal ukuze abambe ibhuleki.Lokhu kuholela ekwenyukeni kokukhathala komshayeli futhi kudala izimo eziyingozi lapho ushayela.Inkinga efanayo iyabonakala ku-clutch esebenza ngamanzi amaloli amaningi afakwe ngayo.Kuzo zombili izimo, inkinga ixazululwa ngokusebenzisa iyunithi eyodwa ye-pneumomechanical - i-vacuum brake kanye ne-clutch booster.
I-VU isebenza njengesixhumanisi esiphakathi phakathi kwe-brake / i-clutch pedal kanye ne-brake master cylinder (GTZ) / clutch master cylinder (GVC), ihlinzeka ngokunyuka kwamandla asuka ekunyaweni izikhathi eziningana, okwenza kube lula ukulawula imoto. .Le yunithi ibalulekile ekusebenzeni okuphephile kwemoto, futhi nakuba ukuwohloka kwayo sekukonke kungaphazamisi ukusebenza kwe-brake / clutch drive, kufanele ilungiswe futhi ishintshwe.Kodwa ngaphambi kokuthenga i-vacuum amplifier entsha noma ukulungisa endala, udinga ukuqonda izinhlobo ezikhona zalezi zindlela, ukuklama kwazo kanye nesimiso sokusebenza.
Izinhlobo, ukwakheka kanye nesimiso sokusebenza kwe-vacuum amplifier
Okokuqala, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ama-vacuum amplifiers asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezimbili zezimoto:
● Kuhlelo lwamabhuleki nge-hydraulic drive - i-vacuum brake booster (VUT);
● Ku-clutch ene-hydraulic drive - i-vacuum clutch booster (VUS).
I-CWF isetshenziswa ezimotweni zabagibeli, ezimotweni zezentengiselwano nezaphakathi nendawo.I-VUS ifakwe emalolini, ogandaganda nasezimotweni ezihlukahlukene ezinamasondo.Kodwa-ke, zombili izinhlobo zama-amplifiers zinesakhiwo esifanayo, futhi ukusebenza kwazo kusekelwe esimisweni esifanayo somzimba.
Ama-VU ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu:
● Igumbi elilodwa;
● Amakamelo amabili.
Cabangela ukuklanywa nomgomo wokusebenza kwe-VU ngokusekelwe kudivayisi enekamelo elilodwa.Ngokuvamile, i-VU iqukethe izingxenye nezingxenye ezimbalwa:
● I-Chamber (umzimba we-aka), ihlukaniswe nge-diaphragm elayishwe entwasahlobo ibe yimigodi emi-2;
● Ivalve ye-servo (i-valve yokulawula) isiqu sayo esixhunywe ngokuqondile ku-clutch/brake pedal.Ingxenye ephumayo yomzimba we-valve kanye nengxenye ye-stem ivaliwe ngesembozo sikathayela esivikelayo, isihlungi somoya esilula singakhiwa emzimbeni we-valve;
● Ukufakwa nge-valve yesheke noma ngaphandle kwayo ukuze kuxhunywe igumbi ku-multifold intake unit yeyunithi yamandla;
● Induku exhunywe ngokuqondile ku-diaphragm ngakolunye uhlangothi kanye ne-GTZ noma i-GCS ngakolunye.
Kuma-VU amagumbi amabili kukhona amakhamera amabili afakwe ochungechungeni anama-diaphragms, asebenza ngentonga eyodwa ye-GTZ drive noma i-GCS.Kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lomshini, kusetshenziswa amakamelo ensimbi eyi-cylindrical, ama-diaphragms nawo ayinsimbi, anokumiswa okunwebekayo (okwenziwe ngerabha), okunikeza ukunyakaza okulula kwengxenye eduze kwe-axis yayo.
Igumbi le-VU lihlukaniswe i-diaphragm libe yimigodi emibili: ohlangothini lwe-pedal kukhona i-atmospheric cavity, ohlangothini lwesilinda kukhona i-vacuum cavity.I-vacuum cavity ihlale ixhunywe kumthombo we-vacuum - imvamisa ukufakwa kwenjini kusebenza okuningi endimeni yayo (ukwehla kwengcindezi kuyo kwenzeka lapho ama-piston ehla), noma kunjalo, ipompo ehlukile ingasetshenziswa ezimotweni ezinezinjini zikadizili.I-atmospheric cavity inokuxhumana nomkhathi (nge-valve yokulawula) kanye ne-vacuum cavity (nge-valve yokulawula efanayo noma i-valve ehlukile).
Umdwebo we-vacuum brake
I-Booster Design ye-signle-chamber vacuum booster
Idizayini ye-vacuum booster enamagumbi amabili
I-vacuum amplifier isebenza kalula.Lapho i-pedal icindezelekile, i-valve yokulawula (i-valve ye-servo) ivaliwe, kodwa zombili izimbobo zixhumana ngezimbobo, isiteshi noma i-valve ehlukile - igcina ingcindezi encishisiwe, i-diaphragm ibhalansi futhi ayihambisani noma yikuphi.Ngesikhathi sokuhambisa i-pedal phambili, i-valve yokulandelela iyaqalwa, ivala isiteshi phakathi kwemigodi futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ixhumane nomgodi womkhathi nomkhathi, ngakho ukucindezela kuwo kwanda kakhulu.Ngenxa yalokho, umehluko wengcindezi uvela ku-diaphragm, uya ngasemgodini ngomfutho ophansi ngaphansi kwethonya lokucindezela okukhulu komkhathi, futhi ngenduku isebenza ku-GTZ noma i-GCS.Ngenxa yokucindezela komkhathi, amandla ku-pedal ayakhuphuka, okwenza ukuhamba kwe-pedal kube lula uma ubhuleka noma ukhulula i-clutch.
Uma i-pedal ima kunoma iyiphi indawo ephakathi, khona-ke i-valve yokulandelela iyavalwa (njengoba ingcindezi ezinhlangothini zombili ze-piston noma i-jet washer ekhethekile iyalingana, futhi lezi zingxenye zihlala esihlalweni ngenxa yesenzo sentwasahlobo) kanye nokucindezela igumbi lomkhathi liyayeka ukushintsha.Ngenxa yalokho, ukunyakaza kwe-diaphragm nenduku kuyama, i-GTZ noma i-GCS ehlobene ihlala endaweni ekhethiwe.Ngolunye ushintsho endaweni ye-pedal, i-valve yokulawula ivula futhi, izinqubo ezichazwe ngenhla ziyaqhubeka.Ngakho-ke, i-valve yokulawula inikeza isenzo sokulandela umkhondo wesistimu, ngaleyo ndlela ifinyelele ukulingana phakathi kwe-pedal press kanye namandla akhiqizwa yiyo yonke indlela.
Lapho i-pedal ikhishwa, i-valve yokulandelela iyavala, ihlukanise i-atmospheric cavity emkhathini, kuyilapho ivula izimbobo phakathi kwemigodi.Ngenxa yalokho, ingcindezi iyehla kuyo yomibili imigodi, futhi i-diaphragm kanye ne-GTZ noma i-GCS ehambisana nayo ibuyela endaweni yayo yasekuqaleni ngenxa yamandla entwasahlobo.Kulesi sikhundla, i-VU isilungele ukusebenza futhi.
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, umthombo ovame kakhulu we-vacuum we-VU ubuningi bokungena kweyunithi yamandla, kulokhu kuyacaca ukuthi lapho injini imiswa, le yunithi ngeke isebenze (nakuba i-vacuum isele ekamelweni le-VU, ngisho ngemva kokuma injini, uzokwazi ukuhlinzeka kusukela kokukodwa kuya kwezintathu zokubhuleka).Futhi, i-VU ngeke isebenze uma amakamelo ecindezelekile noma ipayipi yokukhipha i-vacuum esuka ku-motor yonakalisiwe.Kodwa i-braking system noma i-clutch drive kuleli cala izohlala isebenza, nakuba lokhu kuzodinga umzamo owengeziwe.Iqiniso liwukuthi i-pedal ixhumeke ngokuqondile ku-GTZ noma i-GCS ngokusebenzisa izinti ezimbili ezihamba eksisi yonke ye-VU.Ngakho-ke uma kwenzeka ukuhlukana okuhlukahlukene, izinduku ze-VU zizosebenza njengenduku evamile yokushayela.
Indlela yokukhetha, ukulungisa nokugcina i-vacuum amplifier
Ukuzijwayeza kubonisa ukuthi i-CWT ne-VUS inomthombo obalulekile futhi akuvamile ukuba umthombo wezinkinga.Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, ukukhubazeka okuhlukahlukene kungenzeka kule yunithi, ikakhulukazi ukulahlekelwa kokuqina kwekamelo, ukulimala kwe-diaphragm, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-valve kanye nokulimala kwemishini ezingxenyeni.Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-amplifier kuboniswa ukwanda kokumelana ne-pedal kanye nokwehla kokushaywa kwayo.Lapho kuvela izimpawu ezinjalo, kuyadingeka ukuxilonga iyunithi, uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle, ukulungisa noma ukufaka esikhundleni somhlangano we-amplifier.
Yilezo zinhlobo kuphela namamodeli e-VUT ne-VUS anconyelwe ukufakwa ngumkhiqizi wemoto okufanele athathwe ukuze ashintshwe.Eqinisweni, kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa ezinye izingxenye, kodwa kufanele zibe nezici ezifanele kanye nobukhulu bokufaka.Akwamukelekile ukusebenzisa iyunithi eyenza amandla anganele - lokhu kuzoholela ekuwohlokeni kokulawuleka kwemoto kanye nokwanda kokukhathala komshayeli.Isibonelo, akufanele nanini ubeke i-VU yekamelo elilodwa esikhundleni segumbi elinamagumbi amabili.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, akunangqondo ukufaka i-amplifier enamandla kakhulu, ngoba lapho uyisebenzisa, "i-pedal feeling" ingase ilahleke, futhi lokhu kushintshwa kuzodinga izindleko ezingenasisekelo.
Futhi, lapho ukhetha i-amplifier, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukucushwa kwayo - lezi zingxenye zinganikezwa zihlanganiswe ne-GTZ noma i-GCS, noma ngokuhlukana kwazo.Ukwengeza, kungase kudingeke uthenge okokufakwayo, ama-slags, ama-clamp kanye nezinsimbi - konke lokhu kufanele kunakekelwe kusengaphambili.
Ukushintshwa kwe-vacuum amplifier kumele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo yokulungisa imoto.Imvamisa, kwanele ukunqamula isiqu ku-pedal, susa i-GTZ / GCS (uma isesimweni esihle) nawo wonke amapayipi, bese uqaqa i-amplifier, ukufakwa kweyunithi entsha kwenziwa ngokulandelana.Uma i-VU ishintsha ekuhlanganiseni nesilinda, khona-ke kudingekile okokuqala ukukhipha uketshezi ohlelweni futhi unqamule amapayipi aya kumasekhethi asuka kusilinda.Lapho ufaka i-amplifier entsha, kuyadingeka ukulungisa ukushaywa kwe-pedal, lokhu kungase kudingeke futhi ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuqhubekayo kwemoto.
Uma i-vacuum booster ikhethwe kahle futhi yashintshwa, isistimu yokubhuleka noma i-clutch actuator izoqala ukusebenza ngokushesha, iqinisekise ukulawula okuphumelelayo kwemoto kuzo zonke izimo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-13-2023