Ngaphambili kwe-axle yangaphambili yezimoto ze-UAZ ezidonsa ngamasondo kukhona ama-pivot assemblies anamajoyinti e-CV, okwenza kube lula ukudlulisa i-torque emasondweni ngisho nalapho ephenduka.Ama-Kingpin adlala indima ebalulekile kule yunithi - funda konke mayelana nalezi zingxenye, inhloso yazo, izinhlobo, ukwakheka nokusebenza kulesi sihloko.
Iyini i-UAZ kingpin, inhloso yayo nemisebenzi
I-kingpin induku eyakha i-hinge joint of knuckle yesiteringi (ehlanganiswe nehabhu lesondo) kanye nokuhlangana kwebhola kweknuckle yesiteringi (SHOPK, ngaphakathi kwesisekelo kukhona ihinge lama-angular velocities alinganayo, i-CV joint) ngaphambili. i-axle yezimoto ze-UAZ ezidonsa ngawo wonke amasondo.Ama-Kingpins ayizingxenye zendlela ye-pivot enikeza amandla okuphambukisa amasondo ayisiteringi ngaphandle kokuphula ukugeleza kwetorque.
I-UAZ kingpins inemisebenzi elandelayo:
• Yenza njengezimbazo lapho iqupha lokuqondisa likwazi ukushwiba khona;
• Yenza njengezingxenye ezihlanganisayo ezihlanganisa ijoyinti yebhola kanye nequpha lokuqondisa libe iyunithi eyodwa;
• Isebenza njengezingxenye ezithwala umthwalo ezihlinzeka ngokuqina okudingekayo kokuhlanganiswa kwe-pivot, futhi ibone izikhathi zamandla avela phakathi nokunyakaza kwemoto isuka equlwini lokuqondisa (futhi yena, esuka esondweni) futhi awadlulisele i-axle beam.
Ama-kingpins e-UAZ, naphezu kokuklama kwawo okulula, adlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwe-axle yangaphambili ye-SUV, ngakho-ke yonke imoto.
Izinhlobo ze-UAZ kingpins
Ngokuvamile, i-kingpin iyinduku emfushane yomumo owodwa noma enye, ecindezelwa emzimbeni we-knuckle yokuqondisa nengxenye engenhla, futhi ekugcineni okuphansi kunokuxhumana kwe-hinge nomzimba we-joint yebhola.Ukuxhuma i-knuckle yokuqondisa ne-SHOPK, kusetshenziswa ama-kingpins amabili - phezulu nangaphansi, ama-kingpins amane afakwe kulo lonke ibhuloho, ngokulandelana.
Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zama-kingpins zafakwa kuma-axles angaphambili wezimoto ze-UAZ:
• Ama-cylindrical kingpins amise okwe-T (ngokujikeleza emkhonweni wethusi);
• Ama-kingpins ahlanganisiwe anebhola (ngokuzungeza ibhola);
• Ama-kingpins anamathangi ayinhlanganisela (anokuzungezisa kubhere elicijile);
• Ama-kingpins angama-cylindrical-conical anesekelo eliyindilinga (anokuzungezisa kumugqa oyindilinga wethusi).
Ama-cylindrical kingpins amise okwe-T ayisixazululo sakudala esafakwa kumamodeli okuqala ezimoto ze-UAZ ezinama-axles ohlobo lwe- "Timken" (ene-crankcase ye-gearbox ekhishwayo).Ama-kingpins ahlanganisiwe anebhola kanye ne-bearing ayisixazululo sesimanje, lezi zingxenye zibekwe kuma-axle okushayela ohlobo lwe-"Timken" esikhundleni se-kingpins evamile, anobukhulu obufanayo.Ama-Kingpins asekelwa yindilinga aqala ukufakwa kumamodeli amasha ezimoto ze-UAZ ezine-axles zohlobo lwe-"Spicer" - UAZ-31519, 315195 ("Hunter"), 3160, 3163 ("Patriot") nokulungiswa kwazo.
Ama-Kingpins ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene anomehluko omkhulu wokuklama.
Idizayini kanye nomgomo wokusebenza kwama-cylindrical kingpins amise okwe-T
I-kingpin enjalo iyingxenye ngesimo samasilinda amabili amadayamitha ahlukene, aqoshwe kucwecwe lokusebenza olulodwa.Ekupheleni kwengxenye engaphezulu (ebanzi), phakathi nendawo, kuqoshwe isiteshi esinentambo ukuze kufakwe i-oiler.Eduze, ngokuxuba kusuka phakathi nendawo, kubholwa umzila omncane wobubanzi obunezindonga ezibushelelezi ukuze kufakwe iphini lokukhiya.Eceleni kwengxenye engezansi (ewumngcingo), i-annular recess inikezwa ukusatshalaliswa kokugcoba.Futhi, ishaneli ye-longitudinal ingenziwa ku-pivot ukuze kugcotshwe wonke umhlangano womhlangano.
I-kingpin icindezelwa emzimbeni we-knuckle yokuqondisa ngengxenye ebanzi futhi ilungiswe ngensimbi yensimbi (ibanjwe ngamabholithi amane), futhi ukuphenduka kuvinjelwa iphini.Ngengxenye yayo ewumngcingo, i-kingpin ifakwe kumkhono wethusi ocindezelwe emzimbeni ohlangene webhola.Umkhono ulinganiswa ngendlela yokuthi i-kingpin ikwazi ukuzungeza kuwo ngaphandle kokugxumela.Ama-gaskets ensimbi abekwe phakathi kwengxenye ebanzi ye-kingpin nomzimba we-joint yebhola, ngosizo lapho ukulungiswa kwayo yonke indlela ye-pivot yenziwa.Ukuze kube lula ukujikeleza nokunciphisa ukuguga kwezingxenye, ama-kingpins afakwa nge-engeli encane.
Umshini usebenza nala ma-kingpin kalula nje: lapho wenza ukuqondisa, iqupha lokuqondisa lisuka endaweni emaphakathi kusetshenziswa i-bipod, ama-kingpin azungeza izingxenye zawo eziwumngcingo ezihlahleni ezicindezelwe emzimbeni ohlangene webhola.Lapho uphenduka, amafutha avela esiteshini se-kingpin angena endaweni yokuphumula engxenyeni engezansi, lapho asakazwa khona endaweni ephakathi kwe-kingpin nomkhono - lokhu kunciphisa amandla okungqubuzana futhi kunciphisa ukuguga kwezingxenye.
Ukuklama nokusebenza kwama-kingpins ebholeni
I-kingpin enjalo inezingxenye ezintathu: engenhla, ecindezelwe emzimbeni wequpha lokuqondisa, ephansi, ecindezelwe emzimbeni we-SHOP, kanye nebhola lensimbi phakathi kwazo.Ibhola lifakwa emigodini eyi-hemispherical, eqoshwe ezingxenyeni zokugcina ze-kingpin halves.Ukugcoba ibhola, iziteshi ze-axial zenziwa kuma-halves we-kingpin, futhi isiteshi esinezintambo zokufakwa kwamafutha sinikezwa engxenyeni engenhla ye-kingpin.
Ukufakwa kwama-kingpins kumabhola kuhluke ekufakweni kwe-kingpin evamile kuphela ngokuthi ingxenye engezansi ifakwe ngokuqinile emzimbeni webhola elihlangene, ngakho-ke awukho umkhono wethusi.
Indlela ye-pivot isebenza nezingxenye zalolu hlobo kalula: lapho isondo lichezukiswa, ingxenye engaphezulu ye-kingpin izungeza ebholeni, futhi ibhola ngokwalo lizungeza kancane ngokuhlobene namahhafu we-kingpin.Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuncishiswa kwamandla okungqubuzana kanye nokuncipha kokuqina kokuguga kwezingxenye ezihlobene ne-kingpin evamile.
Idizayini kanye nesimiso sokusebenza kwama-kingpins ku-bearing
Ngokwesakhiwo, i-kingpin ene-bearing iyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke, iqukethe izingxenye ezintathu: ingxenye engezansi, lapho i-tapered bear icindezelwa khona (ngaphezu kwalokho, indandatho yokucindezela ebekwe ngaphansi kwe-bearing ingasetshenziswa), kanye nekheji elithwala licindezelwe. angene endlini yequpha lokuqondisa.Engxenyeni engezansi kukhona umzila we-axial wokuhlinzeka nge-lubricant, endaweni ye-bearing cage kukhona isiteshi eseceleni sephini kanye nesiteshi esiphakathi sokufaka i-grease fitter.
Empeleni, lolu hlobo lwe-kingpin luwukuthuthuka kwe-kingpin ebholeni, kodwa lapha ama-halves amabili azungeza ku-bearing, okunganciphisa kakhulu amandla okungqubuzana futhi ngokuvamile kwandise ukuthembeka kweyunithi.Ukusetshenziswa kwama-tapered bearings kunikeza ukumelana okukhulayo emithwalweni ye-axial eyenzeka ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemoto.
Idizayini kanye nesimiso sokusebenza kwama-kingpins ngokusekelwa okuyindilinga UAZ "Hunter" kanye "Patriot"
Lawa ma-kingpins ahlanganisa izinzuzo zama-kingpins avamile kanye nama-kingpins ebholeni, kusukela ekuqaleni athatha ukuklama okulula, kusukela kwesibili - ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokunciphisa amandla okungqubuzana.Ngokwesakhiwo, i-kingpin iyinduku eyi-cylindrical-conical enekhanda eliyi-hemispherical, eqoshwe kucwecwe lokusebenza olulodwa.Engxenyeni ewumngcingo ye-kingpin, kunikezwa intambo ye-nati, ishaneli yokuthambisa ibholwa eduze kwe-axis yengxenye, bese kwenziwa ama-grooves ekhanda ukuze kusatshalaliswe i-lubricant phezu kwendawo yokuhlikihla.
I-kingpin ifakwe ngokuqinile emzimbeni we-knuckle yokuqondisa, i-clamping sleeve isetshenziselwa ukulungiswa, lapho i-kingpin ingena khona nengxenye yayo ye-conical, futhi ukusuka phezulu ngokusebenzisa ulwelwesi lwensimbi, i-kingpin enomkhono iqiniswa nge-nati.Ingxenye eyindilinga ye-kingpin ihlezi phezu kwe-bronze liner (namuhla kunezinguquko ezinezintambo zepulasitiki, kodwa azithembeki kancane), nazo, ezibekwe ekusekelweni kwe-kingpin emzimbeni we-SHOPK.Ukulungiswa kokuma okuhlobene kwezingxenye zeyunithi kwenziwa kusetshenziswa ama-gaskets abekwe ngaphansi kwe-kingpin lining.
I-kingpin yalolu hlobo isebenza kanje: lapho amasondo ephenduka, ama-kingpins, axhunywe ngokuqinile emzimbeni wesibhakela, ajikeleza kuma-liners ngamakhanda awo ayindilinga.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-kingpins anjalo abona kangcono ukuphambuka kwesibhakela endizeni eqondile, okuqinisekisa impilo yabo ende yesevisi nokuthembeka kunoma yiziphi izimo.
Ama-Kingpin azo zonke izinhlobo aguga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isikhathi esithile lokhu kugqoka kunganxeshezelwa ngokuqinisa izingxenye noma ukwandisa inani lama-gaskets, kodwa lo mthombo uphela ngokushesha futhi ama-kingpins adinga ukushintshwa.Ngokushintshwa okulungile nokufika ngesikhathi kwama-kingpins, imoto iphinda ithole ukuzinza emgwaqeni futhi ingasebenza ngokuphepha ngisho nasezimeni ezinzima.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-24-2023