Ama-trailer nama-semi-trailer afakwe i-air brake system esebenza ngokubambisana namabhuleki kagandaganda.Ukuxhumana kokusebenza kwezinhlelo kuqinisekiswa yi-air distributor efakwe ku-trailer / semi-trailer.Funda konke mayelana nale yunithi, izinhlobo zayo, ukwakheka nokusebenza esihlokweni.
Yini i-trailer/semi-trailer brake diffuser?
Umsabalalisi womoya wamabhuleki we-trailer / i-semi-trailer (i-valve yokusabalalisa umoya) iyingxenye yokulawula nokulawula yesistimu yokubhuleka yama-trailer nama-semi-trailer anedrayivu ye-pneumatic.Iyunithi enesistimu yamapayipi nama-valve eqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa kokugeleza komoya ocindezelwe phakathi kwezingxenye zohlelo.
Umsabalalisi womoya uklanyelwe ukulawula isitimela somgwaqo kanye ne-trailer ehlukile / i-semi-trailer:
• Ukubhuleka nokubhuleka kwe-trailer / i-semi-trailer njengengxenye yesitimela somgwaqo;
• Ukubhuleka kwe-trailer / i-semi-trailer lapho inqanyuliwe emotweni;
• Ukuqaqa inqola/ i-semi-trailer uma kunesidingo, ihamba ngaphandle kokunamathisela ugandaganda;
• Ukubhuleka okuphuthumayo kwe-trailer / i-semi-trailer lapho ihlukaniswa nesitimela somgwaqo.
Wonke ama-trailer wezimpahla nama-semi-trailer afakwe abasabalalisi be-brake air, kodwa ahluke ngenhloso, uhlobo kanye nomklamo, okudingeka kuchazwe kabanzi.
Izinhlobo kanye nokusebenza kwama-brake diffuser
Abasabalalisi bomoya bahlukaniswe ngamaqembu ngokusho kohlobo lwe-actuator ye-pneumatic yesistimu ye-brake abangasebenza kuyo, kanye nokucushwa.
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zama-air diffuser:
• Okwezinhlelo zokubhuleka zocingo olulodwa;
• Okwezinhlelo zokubhuleka ezinezintambo ezimbili;
•Universal.
Amabhuleki anocingo olulodwa lwama-trailer nama-semi-trailer axhunywe ohlelweni lwe-pneumatic yemoto ngepayipi elilodwa.Ngosizo lwayo, kokubili ukugcwaliswa kwabamukeli be-trailer / semi-trailer kanye nokulawulwa kwamabhuleki ayo kwenziwa.Amasistimu wokubhuleka wezintambo ezimbili axhunywe ohlelweni lwe-pneumatic kagandaganda ngemigqa emibili - ukuphakela, lapho abamukeli be-trailer bagcwaliswa, nokulawula.
Ukuze usebenze ohlelweni lwe-brake yocingo olulodwa, kusetshenziswa abasabalalisi bomoya abanomshini wokulandela umkhondo, oqapha ingcindezi kulayini futhi, kuye ngawo, unikeza umoya ocindezelwe osuka kumamukeli we-trailer kuya emakamelweni awo amabhuleki.
Ukuze usebenze ohlelweni olunezintambo ezimbili, kusetshenziswa abasabalalisi bomoya abanomshini wokulandela umkhondo ohlukile, oqapha ingcindezi kulayini wokulawula, futhi, kuye ngokuthi, ulawula ukuhlinzekwa komoya kusuka kubamukeli kuya ezingxenyeni zesistimu ye-brake ye-brake system. i-trailer / i-semi-trailer.I-Universal air diffuser ingasebenza kuzo zombili izinhlelo zokubhuleka ezinocingo olulodwa nezimbili.
Ngokuphathelene nokucushwa, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zabasabalalisi bomoya:
• Ngaphandle kwemishini eyengeziwe;
• Ngevalvu yokukhululwa eyakhelwe ngaphakathi (KR).
Esimweni sokuqala, umsabalalisi womoya uhlanganisa izingxenye kuphela ezihlinzeka ngokusatshalaliswa okuzenzakalelayo komoya ocindezelwe kulo lonke uhlelo, kuye ngokucindezela ohlelweni lwe-pneumatic kagandaganda (noma kulayini wokulawula).Ukuze kukhululwe kanye nokubhuleka kwe-trailer/semi-trailer enqanyuliwe esitimeleni somgwaqo, kusetshenziswa ivalvu ehlukile ekhishwa mathupha, engafakwa eduze kwesisabalalisi somoya noma emzimbeni waso.Esimweni sesibili, umsabalalisi womoya une-valve yokukhululwa eyakhelwe ngaphakathi.
Idizayini kanye nomgomo wokusebenza kwama-brake diffusers
Namuhla, kukhiqizwa inani elikhulu lamamodeli ama-valve okusabalalisa umoya wama-trailer nama-semi-trailer, kodwa wonke anedivayisi efanayo ngokuyisisekelo.Iyunithi ihlanganisa ama-piston nama-valve amaningana ashintsha ulayini usuka kugandaganda, umamukeli kanye nama-wheel brake chamber, kuye ngesimo sesistimu yamabhuleki kagandaganda.Ake sicabangele ukwakheka kanye nesimiso sokusebenza kwendawo yonke (esetshenziswa kuzo zombili izinhlelo zamabhuleki ezintambo ezimbili kanye nezimbili) umsabalalisi womoya wama-trailer e-KAMAZ anevalvu yokukhulula ehlukile.
Qaphela ukuthi i-air distributor ilawula isistimu ye-brake ye-trailer kuphela uma usebenzisa i-main brake system ye-tractor.Uma isistimu yebhuleki eyisipele noma yokupaka isetshenziswa kugandaganda, ukuphakelwa komoya ezingxenyeni zesistimu yamabhuleki enqola kulawulwa ngevalvu ye-solenoid.Ngeke sicabangele umsebenzi wale node lapha.
Ukusebenza komsabalalisi womoya kusekethe yocingo olulodwa lwesistimu ye-pneumatic
Idivayisi ye-universal air distributor
Ulayini ovela ohlelweni lwe-pneumatic kagandaganda uxhunywe kwipayipi I;I-Nozzle II ihlala ikhululekile futhi ixhuma uhlelo emkhathini;ipayipi III ixhunywe emakamelweni ama-brake;Iphinikhodi IV - ngesamukeli se-trailer.Ngalokhu kuxhumana, ipayipi le-V lihlala likhululekile.
Umdwebo wesistimu ye-pneumatic yocingo olulodwa
Ulayini ovela ohlelweni lwe-pneumatic kagandaganda uxhunywe kwipayipi I;I-Nozzle II ihlala ikhululekile futhi ixhuma uhlelo emkhathini;ipayipi III ixhunywe emakamelweni ama-brake;Iphinikhodi IV - ngesamukeli se-trailer.Ngalokhu kuxhumana, ipayipi le-V lihlala likhululekile.
Ukuxhumana kwe-trailer nogandaganda.Ukuhamba kwesitimela somgwaqo.Kule modi, umoya ocindezelwe ovela emgqeni wemoto ngepayipi engingena ekamelweni le-piston 2, udlula i-cuff skirt 1 futhi ungene ngokukhululekile ekamelweni le-piston, ngokusebenzisa umzila ungena epayipi IV futhi usuka kuwo uye kwabamukeli.Ivalvu yokukhipha umoya engu-5 ihlala ivulekile, ngakho amakamelo amabhuleki axhumana nomkhathi ngepayipi III, ivalvu 5, umkhono wayo 6 kanye nepayipi II.Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi ushayela njengengxenye yesitimela somgwaqo, abamukeli be-trailer / semi-trailer bayagcwaliswa, futhi amabhuleki awasebenzi.
Ukubhuleka kwesitimela somgwaqo.Ngesikhathi sokubhuleka ugandaganda, ingcindezi kulayini kanye nepayipi I yehla.Ngesinye isikhathi, ingcindezi evela ohlangothini lwepayipi IV (kusuka kwabamukeli be-trailer / i-semi-trailer) idlula ingcindezi evela ohlangothini lwepayipi I, imiphetho ye-cuff icindezelwa ngokumelene nomzimba we-cavity kanye ne-piston. , ukunqoba ukunwebeka kwentwasahlobo 9, ihamba phansi.Kanye ne-piston 2, induku engu-3 ne-piston ephansi engu-4 ehambisana nayo ihamba, isihlalo se-valve yokugcina engu-5 siseduze nobuso bokugcina bomkhono 6, siphinde siye phansi futhi sivule i-valve yokungena 7. Ngenxa yalokho, umoya ocindezelwe osuka kwabamukeli be-trailer / i-semi-trailer ngepayipi le-IV ungena epayipini le-III nasemakamelweni amabhuleki - amabhuleki amasondo ayaqalwa futhi ukubhuleka kwenzeka.
Ukuchithwa kwesitimela somgwaqo.Lapho ugandaganda ukhululwa, ingcindezi epayipini I iyanda, ngenxa yalokho, ipayipi I iphinde ixhunywe kwipayipi IV (ama-trailer receivers agcwele), futhi amakamelo amabhuleki akhipha umoya ngamapayipi III no-II - ukubhuleka kwenzeka.
Ukubhuleka okuphuthumayo uma kwenzeka kuphuka ipayipi, ukunqanyulwa kwe-trailer / i-semi-trailer esitimeleni somgwaqo.Kuzo zombili izimo, ingcindezi kutheminali II yehlela kumfutho womoya futhi isisabalalisi somoya sisebenza njengasekubhulekini okuvamile.
Ukusebenza komsabalalisi womoya ngohlelo lwezintambo ezimbili zokusabalalisa umoya
Umdwebo wesistimu ye-pneumatic enezintambo ezimbili
Imigqa emibili evela kugandaganda ixhunywe kumsabalalisi womoya - ukuhlinzeka ngepayipi I nokulawula ipayipi V. Amapayipi asele anokuxhumana okufana nesekethe yocingo olulodwa.Futhi, nge-2-wire pneumatic actuator circuit, i-valve yokulinganisa engu-10 iqala ukusebenza.Ngalolu hlelo lokuxhuma, ingcindezi ephakeme isetshenziselwa ipayipi I kunomjikelezo owodwa wocingo, okwenza kube nzima ukuhambisa i-piston 2 futhi iphazamise ukusebenza kwalo lonke uhlelo lokubhuleka.Le nkinga iqedwa i-valve yokulinganisa - ngokucindezela okukhulu, ivula futhi ixhuma imigodi ngenhla nangaphansi kwe-piston, ilinganise ukucindezela kuzo.
Ukuxhumana kwe-trailer / i-semi-trailer nogandaganda.Ukuhamba kwesitimela somgwaqo.Kulesi simo, umoya ovela ku-hose yokuhlinzeka ngamapayipi I no-IV ugcwalisa abamukeli, izingxenye ezisele zokusabalalisa umoya azisebenzi.
Ukubhuleka kwesitimela somgwaqo.Uma ugandaganda ubhuleki, ingcindezi iyakhuphuka epayipini elingu-V, umoya ocindezelwe ungena ekamelweni elingaphezu kwepiston 11, okwenza ukuthi iye phansi.Kulesi simo, izinqubo ezichazwe ngenhla zenzeka - i-valve 5 ivala, i-valve 7 ivula, amapayipi IV no-III axhunyiwe, futhi umoya ovela kubamukeli ungena emakamelweni ama-brake, ukubopha.
Ukuchithwa kwesitimela somgwaqo.Lapho ugandaganda ukhululwa, zonke izinqubo zenzeka ngokulandelana okuphambene: ukucindezela kwepayipi V kwehla, i-piston iyakhuphuka, ipayipi III ixhunywe kwipayipi II, umoya ovela emakamelweni ama-brake uyakhululwa futhi i-trailer ikhishwe.
I-Emergency braking uma kwenzeka kuba nekhefu emugqeni, ukunqanyulwa kwe-trailer.Kulezi zimo, indima yendlela yokulandelela yenziwa i-valve yokulinganisa.Lapho ukucindezela kwepayipi II kuncishiswa ekucindezelweni komkhathi, i-valve ivala, ihlukanise amakamelo ngenhla nangaphansi kwe-piston 2. Ngenxa yalokho, ukucindezela ngaphezu kwe-piston (ngenxa yomoya ovela kubamukeli ngokusebenzisa ipayipi ye-IV) ukwanda, futhi izinqubo ezifana nokubhuleka zenzeka ngohlelo lokuxhuma ucingo olulodwa.Ngakho-ke, uma ipayipi liphukile/linqanyulwa noma uma isitimela somgwaqo sihlakazwa, i-trailer/semi-trailer ibhuleka ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Idizayini kanye nesimiso sokusebenza kwe-valve yokukhulula
I-CD inokwakheka nokusebenza okulula.Cabanga ngokusebenza kwalolu phiko esibonelweni sama-trailer e-crane ye-Kama Automobile Plant.
Iyunithi ingafakwa ngqo emzimbeni we-air distributor noma ibekwe eduze kwayo endaweni elula kakhulu.I-nozzle yayo I ixhunywe kumamukeli we-trailer / i-semi-trailer ngesiteshi sokusabalalisa umoya noma ngepayipi elihlukile.I-Nozzle II ixhunywe kumfana I we-air distributor, futhi ipayipi III ixhunywe kulayini oyinhloko wemoto.
Ngesikhathi esiyinhloko sokusebenza kwe-trailer, induku 1 isendaweni ephezulu (igxilwe kulesi sikhundla ngamabhola alayishwe entwasahlobo aphumula ngokumelene nama-recesses emzimbeni wedivayisi), umoya ovela ku-nozzle. I-III ingena kwipayipi II, futhi i-terminal I ihlala ivaliwe, ngakho-ke i-valve ayithinti ukusebenza komsabalalisi womoya.
Uma kudingekile ukuhambisa i-trailer ehlanganisiwe, udinga ukuhambisa induku 1 phansi ngosizo lwesibambo - lokhu kuzoholela ekuhlukaniseni amapayipi II no-III kanye nokuxhumeka kwamapayipi II no-I. Ngenxa yalokho, i umoya ovela kumamukeli uqondiswe ku-inlet I yokusabalalisa umoya, ingcindezi kuyo ikhuphuka futhi izinqubo zenzeke ezifana nezinqubo zokubhuleka nge-single-wire pneumatic drive circuit - i-trailer iyakhululwa.Ukuze uthole i-braking, kuyadingeka ukubuyisela induku endaweni ephezulu.
Idivayisi ye-valve yokukhulula
Ukukhethwa, ukushintshwa kanye nokugcinwa kwe-brake diffuser
I-brake air distributor ihlale ibhekene nemithwalo ephezulu, izikhala ziyakhuphuka ezingxenyeni zayo ezihambayo, ezingabangela ukuvuza komoya, ukonakala kokusebenza noma, ngokuphambene, ukusebenza okuzenzakalelayo kwamabhuleki.Uma kuba nezinkinga, kunengqondo ukushintsha umhlangano womhlangano.
Lapho ukhetha umsabalalisi womoya, kufanele uqondiswe izincomo zomkhiqizi we-trailer, futhi ufake amayunithi amamodeli athile nezinombolo zekhathalogi.Kodwa-ke, namuhla imakethe inikeza izinhlobonhlobo zabasabalalisi bomoya bokuqala kanye nama-analogue abo anezici ezithuthukisiwe.Ngakho-ke, kwezinye izimo, kuyafaneleka ukufaka i-analogue, kodwa ukuze ugweme izinkinga esikhathini esizayo, kubalulekile ukukhetha ama-analogue anezilinganiso ezifanele zokuxhuma nezici.
Ngokukhetha okulungile nokufakwa komsabalalisi womoya, amabhuleki e-trailer noma i-semi-trailer azosebenza ngokwethembeka nangempumelelo kuzo zonke izimo, eqinisekisa ukuphepha kwesitimela somgwaqo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-21-2023