Izinjini eziningi zesimanje zisasebenzisa izikimu zokusabalalisa igesi ngama-valve drives zisebenzisa izingalo ze-rocker.Izingalo ze-Rocker zifakwe engxenyeni ekhethekile - i-axis.Funda mayelana nokuthi iyini i-axis yengalo ye-rocker, ukuthi isebenza kanjani futhi isebenza kanjani, kanye nokukhetha kwayo nokushintshwa kwayo esihlokweni.
Iyini i-rocker arm axis?
I-rocker arm axis iyingxenye yendlela yokusabalalisa igesi yezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi ezinama-valve aphezulu;Induku engenalutho ebamba izingalo ze-rocker zamavalvu nezingxenye ezihlobene zomshini we-valve.
I-rocker arm axis yenza imisebenzi eminingana:
• Ukubekwa kahle kwezingalo ze-rocker uma kuqhathaniswa nompompi/amakhamera nama-valve e-camshaft;
• Ukugcotshwa kwezindawo ezingqubuzanayo zezingalo ze-rocker kanye nama-bearings azo, ukuhlinzekwa kukawoyela kwezinye izici zendlela yokusabalalisa igesi;
• Ukugcinwa kwezingalo ze-rocker, imithombo yazo nezinye izingxenye (i-asili isebenza njengesici esithwala amandla).
Okusho ukuthi, i-axis yengalo ye-rocker iyisici esiyinhloko esithwala imithwalo yezingxenye eziningi zesikhathi (izingalo ze-rocker, iziphethu kanye nabanye) kanye nenye yemigqa eyinhloko kawoyela yesistimu yokugcoba injini ehlanganisiwe.Le ngxenye isetshenziswa kuphela ezinjinini ze-valve ezingaphezulu ezine-valve yesikhathi yezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene:
- Nge-camshaft ephansi, ngokusebenza kwama-valve ngokusebenzisa ama-tappets, izinduku nezingalo ze-rocker;
- Nge-camshaft engaphezulu (i-shafts evamile noma ehlukene yomugqa ngamunye wama-valve), ngokusebenza kwama-valve ngezingalo ze-rocker;
- Nge-camshaft engaphezulu, enama-valve ashayelwa nge-lever pusher.
Ezinjinini zesimanje ezine-valve drive eqondile evela kumakhamera e-camshaft, izingalo ze-rocker kanye nezingxenye ezihlobene azikho.
I-axis yengalo ye-rocker idlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwenjini, iqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile komshini wayo wesikhathi we-valve.I-axle engalungile noma enesici idinga ukushintshwa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi ukuze ukhethe kahle le ngxenye, udinga ukuqonda izinhlobo ezikhona zama-axles, imiklamo yazo kanye nezici.
Sicela uqaphele: namuhla ezinkampanini zezincwadi nezohwebo, igama elithi "rocker arm axis" lisetshenziswe ngezincazelo ezimbili - njengengxenye ehlukile, ishubhu elingenalutho lapho izingalo ze-rocker, iziphethu nezinye izingxenye zibanjwe khona, futhi njenge-asi ephelele izisekelo ezifakiwe kakade, izingalo ze-rocker neziphethu.Ngokuzayo, sizokhuluma ngezimbazo zezingalo ze-rocker kuzo zombili lezi zinzwa.
Izinhlobo, ukwakheka kanye nokucushwa kwama-rocker arm axes
Ama-axles ahlukaniswe abe izinhlobo eziningana ngokuya ngenani lezingalo ze-rocker ezifakiwe nangokuya kwezinye izici zokuklama.
Ngokwenombolo yezingalo ze-rocker ezifakiwe, ama-axles yilawa:
• I-Solo;
• Iqembu.
I-ekseli ngayinye ingxenye ephethe ingalo ye-rocker eyodwa kuphela nezixhumi (i-thrust washer noma inati).Kusetshenziswa ama-axles engalo ye-rocker ngayinye, njengomthetho, ezinjinini ezinama-valve amabili ngesilinda, ngakho-ke inani lama-axles kuwo liphindwe kabili kunamasilinda.I-axis enjalo yenziwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ne-rack, ngakho-ke ifakwe ekhanda le-cylinder ngaphandle kwezingxenye ezengeziwe, sonke isakhiwo silula futhi silula.Kodwa-ke, i-axis ngayinye yezingalo ze-rocker ayikwazi ukulungiswa uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle, imane iguqule umhlangano.
I-axle enokuhlanganiswa kwezingalo zerocker
I-axle yeqembu ingxenye ethwala izingalo ze-rocker eziningana nezingxenye ezihlobene (iziphethu, ama-thrust washer, izikhonkwane).Kusukela ku-2 kuya kwezingu-12 izingalo ze-rocker zingatholakala ku-axle eyodwa, kuye ngokuthi umklamo wenjini kanye nenani lamasilinda.Ngakho-ke, ezinjinini ezinamakhanda e-cylinder ahlukene, ama-axle anezingalo ezimbili ze-rocker asetshenziselwa isilinda ngasinye, kwezinye izinjini ezingama-6-cylinder ezinamakhanda ahlukene angama-cylinder amasilinda amathathu, ama-axle amabili anezingalo eziyisithupha ze-rocker asetshenziswa kulayini 4, 5 kanye. Izinjini ezingamasilinda angu-6, ama-axles anezingalo ze-rocker eziyi-8, 10 neziyi-12, ngokulandelana, njll. Inani lezingalo ze-rocker iqembu enjinini eyodwa esemgqeni noma emise okwe-V enekhanda elilodwa lesilinda enani lamasilinda angaba ngu-1, 2. noma 4. Ama-motor anama-valve amabili isilinda ngalinye asebenzisa i-ekseli eyodwa noma amabili (uma kuyikhanda elihlukile le-cylinder), ama-motor anama-valve amane isilinda ngasinye asebenzisa ama-ekseli amabili noma amane.Inani lama-ekseli ezinjinini ezinamakhanda angamasilinda ngamanye lihambisana nenani lamakhanda.
Izimbazo zeqembu zezingalo ze-rocker zilula.Zisekelwe ku-eksisi ngokwayo - i-shaft yensimbi enesiteshi sobude kanye nenani lezimbobo eziguquguqukayo ngokwenani lezingalo ze-rocker ezifakiwe.Izimbobo eziphambene ngokwedlulele zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukulungisa i-ekseli kuma-rack ngezikhonkwane ze-cotter nama-thrust washers.Njengoba i-axle ibhekene nemithwalo ephezulu, yenziwe ngamamaki akhethekile ensimbi, futhi ubuso bayo buphinde bube ngaphansi kokwelashwa kwamakhemikhali-ezishisayo nokushisa (i-carburization, ukuqina) ukwandisa amandla, ukumelana nokugqoka kanye namanye amathonya amabi.
Izingalo ze-rocker zifakwe ku-axle ngokusebenzisa ama-bushings (ama-bearings angenalutho enziwe ngethusi noma ezinye izinto), ama-grooves namashaneli enziwa emahlathini okuhlinzeka ngamafutha kusukela ku-axle kuya ezingalweni ze-rocker.Amapheya wezingalo ze-rocker amiswe ngokusebenzisa iziphethu eziyisilinda ezigqokwa ku-axle.I-axle ifakwe ekhanda le-cylinder kusetshenziswa uchungechunge lwama-rack - amabili okwedlulele kanye nama-main amaningana (maphakathi) atholakala phakathi kwezingalo ze-rocker.I-axle ingafakwa kuma-rack ngokukhululekile noma icindezelwe kuwo.Ama-axle engalo ye-rocker yezinjini ezinamavalvu amane angafakwa kuma-twin struts, aqinisekisa ukuma okulungile kwezingxenye zesikhathi.Ezindaweni ezingezansi zama-rack kukhona izikhonkwane zokubeka i-centering kanye nezimbobo zama-studs / ama-bolts okubopha.
Ukunikezwa kukawoyela ku-axle yengalo ye-rocker kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili:
• Ngelinye lama-rack;
• Ngeshubhu yokuhlinzeka ehlukile.
Esimweni sokuqala, enye ye-struts eyedlulele noma emaphakathi inomzila lapho uwoyela ugeleza usuka esiteshini sekhanda lesilinda elihambisanayo ukuya ku-axis yengalo ye-rocker.Esimweni sesibili, ithubhu yensimbi exhunywe esiteshini samafutha ekhanda le-cylinder inikezwa kusukela ekugcineni kuya ku-axis yezingalo ze-rocker.
Ngokuvamile, ama-axles wezingalo ze-rocker azo zonke izinhlobo anomklamo olula, ngakho-ke athembekile futhi aqinile, nakuba lezi zingxenye zingahluleka - kulokhu, zidinga ukulungiswa noma ukushintshwa.
Idizayini ye-axis yengalo ye-rocker enokunikezwa kukawoyela ngensika emaphakathi
Izinkinga zokukhetha, ukulungiswa kanye nokushintshwa kwezimbazo zengalo ye-rocker
Njengezinye izingxenye eziningi, izimbazo zengalo ye-rocker zivame ukuklanywa ngazodwana ngokwehlukana kwemodeli ethile noma ukuguqulwa kwenjini, okubeka imingcele ekukhetheni kwalezi zingxenye.Ngakho-ke, ukushintshwa, kubalulekile ukukhetha kuphela lezo zinsimbi ezinconywe ngumkhiqizi wenjini - ngakho-ke kuneziqinisekiso zokuthi izingxenye ezintsha zizowela endaweni futhi zisebenze ngokujwayelekile.
Ngokwehlukana, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngisho nokuguqulwa okuhlukile kwemoto eyodwa kuvame ukuhlonyiswa ngezimbazo ze-rocker arm ezihlukile ngomklamo nezici.Isibonelo, amanye amayunithi wamandla wasekhaya kaphethiloli wemikhiqizo ehlukene afakwe amakhanda e-cylinder angafani ekwakhiweni nasekulinganisweni, ngakho-ke, izimbazo zabo zengalo ye-rocker zingahluka (zifakwe ama-racks obude obuhlukahlukene, izingalo ze-rocker, njll.).Lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe lapho kuthengwa izingxenye ezisele kanye nokulungisa.
I-axle ye-rocker arm kufanele ihlakazwe futhi ifakwe kuphela ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo yokulungisa nokugcinwa kwemoto.Iqiniso liwukuthi ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kwe-axle nokuvimbela ukuwohloka, izinsimbi zayo (ama-bolts noma ama-stud nuts) kufanele ziqiniswe ngokulandelana okulungile nangomzamo othile.Futhi ngemva kokufakwa, kubalulekile ukulungisa igebe lokushisa phakathi kwezingalo ze-rocker nama-valve.
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemoto, i-axle yengalo ye-rocker ayidingi ukulungiswa okukhethekile, kuyadingeka kuphela ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo yokuhlola ukuphazanyiswa kwama-bolts / amantongomane futhi uhlole izingxenye ze-axle zobuqotho bazo.Ukugcinwa okuvamile nokusebenza kahle kwemoto kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile kwe-rocker arm axle kanye nesikhathi sisonke kuzo zonke izindlela zokusebenza zenjini.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-05-2023