Kunoma iyiphi imoto, ungathola uhlelo lokususa ukungcola ku-windshield (futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngemuva) ifasitela - i-windshield washer.Isisekelo salolu hlelo yimoto kagesi exhunywe epompo.Funda mayelana nama-washer motors, izinhlobo zawo, ukwakheka nokusebenza, kanye nokuthengwa nokushintshwa kwawo - thola esihlokweni.
Iyini i-washer motor
I-washer motor iyi-compact DC motor kagesi esebenza njengedrayivu yephampu yewasha ye-automobile windshield.
Yonke imoto yesimanje inohlelo lokuhlanza i-windshield (nasezimotweni eziningi - kanye nengilazi ye-tailgate) ekungcoleni - iwasha yewindi.Isisekelo salesi simiso iphampu eqhutshwa yi-washer motor - ngosizo lwalezi ziyunithi, uketshezi luhlinzekwa kuma-nozzles (ama-nozzles) ngaphansi kwengcindezi eyanele yokuhlanza ingilazi ngokuzethemba ekungcoleni.
Ukuphuka kwe-windshield washer motor ezimweni eziningi kungaphazamisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwemoto, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuholele ezingozini.Ngakho-ke, le ngxenye kufanele ithathelwe indawo ngesibonakaliso sokuqala sokungasebenzi kahle, futhi ukuze wenze ukukhetha okufanele, kufanele ucabangele izici nezici zama-motor washer we-windshield wesimanje.
Izinhlobo, ukwakheka kanye nomgomo wokusebenza kwama-windshield washer motors
Amawasha omoya wesimanje afakwe ama-motor kagesi ayi-12 kanye ne-24 V DC (kuye ngokuthi i-voltage yenethiwekhi esebhodini), ehlukile ngokwakhiwa:
● Hlukanisa injini kagesi nepompo;
● Amaphampu ezimoto amamotho ahlanganiswe nendlu yephampu.
Iqembu lokuqala lihlanganisa ama-motor kagesi aphansi avamile asetshenziswa ngokuhambisana namaphampu angaphansi kwamanzi.Njengamanje, isisombululo esinjalo cishe asikaze sitholakale ezimotweni zabagibeli, kodwa sisasetshenziswa kabanzi emishini yezimoto (ikakhulukazi yasekhaya).Injini kagesi yalolu hlobo ifakwa esikhwameni sepulasitiki esivaliwe esivikela emanzini nokungcola.Ngosizo lwebakaki noma izimbobo ezenziwe ezindlini, ifakwe ku-reservoir nge-washer fluid, exhuma kwipompo etholakala ngaphakathi kwe-tank usebenzisa i-shaft.Amatheminali kufanele ahlinzekwe emzimbeni wemoto ukuze axhume kunethiwekhi kagesi yemoto.
Iqembu lesibili lihlanganisa amayunithi ahlanganisa iphampu ye-centrifugal kanye ne-motor kagesi.Idizayini isuselwa kukesi lepulasitiki elihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili ezinezimbobo nezimbobo ezisizayo.Engxenyeni eyodwa kukhona iphampu: isekelwe ku-impeller yepulasitiki ethatha uketshezi epayipini lokuhlinzeka (elitholakala ekugcineni kwepompo, e-axis ye-impeller), futhi iluphonse endaweni ezungezile yomzimba (ngenxa yalokho. kuya kumandla we-centrifugal) - ukusuka lapha uketshezi olungaphansi kwengcindezi ngepayipi lokuphuma lungena emigqeni yepayipi kanye nemibhobho.Ukuze ukhiphe uketshezi, ipayipi inikezwa odongeni oluhlangothini lwephampu - ine-cross-section encane kune-inlet eyodwa, futhi itholakala ngokulinganayo kumjikelezo wezindlu zepompo.Engxenyeni yesibili yeyunithi kukhona injini kagesi, i-pump impeller ifakwe ngokuqinile ku-shaft yayo (idlule ngokuhlukanisa phakathi kwamakamelo).Ukuze uvimbele uketshezi ekungeneni ekamelweni ngemoto kagesi, kuhlinzekwa uphawu lwe-shaft.Isixhumi sikagesi sisodongeni olungaphandle lweyunithi.
Iyunithi yephampu ye-washer ene-remote motor kanye
impompo ye-submersible Motor-pump
nge motor edidiyelwe kagesi
Njengasendabeni yenjini ehlukile, amaphampu e-motor afakwe ngqo kwi-windshield washer reservoir.Ukuze wenze lokhu, ama-niches akhethekile atholakala phansi ayenziwa ethangini - lokhu kuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa okuphelele koketshezi lwe-washer.Ukufakwa kwenziwa ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izikulufo noma ezinye izinsimbi - ngale njongo amabakaki okubamba noma ama-latches asetshenziswa.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ipayipi lokungena lepompo lifakwa ngokushesha emgodini ethangini elinophawu lwenjoloba, okwenza ukusetshenziswa kwamapayipi engeziwe kungadingeki.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaphampu ezimoto ahlukaniswe abe izinhlobo ezintathu ngokuya ngokusebenza nezici zomsebenzi:
● Ukuhlinzeka ngoketshezi kumbobho wowasha owodwa kuphela;
● Ukuhlinzeka ngoketshezi kumajethi amabili ahlukene;
● Ukuhlinzeka ngoketshezi kumajethi amabili abheke kabili.
Amayunithi ohlobo lokuqala anepompo yomthamo ophansi, eyanele kuphela ukunika amandla i-washer nozzle eyodwa.Amabili noma amathathu (uma umsebenzi wokuhlanza amafasitela angemuva utholakala) afakwe ku-windshield washer tank, ngayinye exhunywe ohlelweni lukagesi isebenzisa isixhumi sayo.Isixazululo esinjalo sidinga ukusetshenziswa kwenani elikhulu lezingxenye, noma kunjalo, uma injini eyodwa ihluleka, ikhono lokugeza ingxenye yeglasi uma kwenzeka ukungcola lihlala.
Amayunithi ohlobo lwesibili afana nokuklama kwalawo asanda kuchazwa, kodwa asebenza kakhulu ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwemoto kagesi yamandla andayo kanye nokwanda kwepompo.Iphampu yenjini ingaxhunywa kuvalvu yokuwasha ngamapayipi amabili ahlukene aholela emlonyeni ngamunye, noma ngosizo lwepayipi elilodwa ngokuhlanganisa amagatsha epayipi libe yimifudlana emibili (kusetshenziswa ithiyi kumavalvu epayipi).
Amayunithi ohlobo lwesithathu ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ane-algorithm ehlukile yokusebenza.Isisekelo se-motor-pump singumzimba ohlukaniswe ngamakamelo amabili, kodwa endaweni yepompo kukhona amapayipi amabili, phakathi kwawo kukhona i-valve - eyodwa kuphela yamapayipi angavulwa ngesikhathi esisodwa.I-motor yale divayisi ingajikeleza kuzo zombili izinkomba - lapho ushintsha isiqondiso sokujikeleza ngaphansi kwengcindezi ye-liquid, i-valve iqala, ivula ipayipi eyodwa, bese enye.Ngokuvamile, amaphampu emoto asetshenziselwa ukugeza i-windshield newindi elingemuva: ohlangothini olulodwa lokujikeleza kwenjini, uketshezi lunikezwa emibhobho ye-windshield, ngakolunye uhlangothi lokujikeleza - ku-nozzle yefasitela elingemuva.Ukuze kube lula, abakhiqizi bephampu yezimoto bapenda amapayipi ngemibala emibili: emnyama - ukunikeza uketshezi ku-windshield, emhlophe - ukunikeza uketshezi efasiteleni elingemuva.Amadivayisi aneziqondiso ezimbili anciphisa inani lamaphampu emoto emotweni aye kwelinye - lokhu kunciphisa izindleko futhi kwenza umklamo ube lula.Kodwa-ke, uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle, umshayeli uncishwa ngokuphelele ithuba lokuhlanza amafasitela emoto.
Ukuxhuma ama-motor namaphampu ezimoto, kusetshenziswa amatheminali abesilisa ajwayelekile ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene: amatheminali ahlukene ahlukene (amatheminali amabili okuxhunywe kuwo amatheminali amabili ahlukene abesifazane), ngohlelo olumise okwe-T (ukuvikela ekuxhumekeni okungalungile) kanye namatheminali amabili ahlukene. izixhumi ezindlini ezineziketi zepulasitiki ezivikelayo nezikhiye zokuvikela ekuxhumekeni okuyiphutha.
Indlela yokukhetha nokufaka esikhundleni se-washer motor ngendlela efanele
Sekuvele kukhonjisiwe ngenhla ukuthi i-windshield washer ibalulekile ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kwemoto, ngakho ukulungiswa kwayo, ngisho nokuphuka okuncane, akukwazi ukuhlehliswa.Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ku-motor - uma ingasebenzi, kufanele ihlolwe futhi izame ukulungiswa, futhi uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, bese uyibuyisela esikhundleni esisha.Ukushintshwa, kufanele usebenzise i-motor noma i-motor-pump yohlobo olufanayo kanye nemodeli efakwe ngaphambili - lena ukuphela kwendlela yokuqinisekisa ukuthi i-windshield washer izosebenza ngokuthembekile nangempumelelo.Uma imoto ingasekho ngaphansi kwewaranti, ungazama ukukhetha uhlobo oluhlukile lweyunithi, into eyinhloko ukuthi inezilinganiso ezidingekayo zokufaka nokusebenza.
Isakhiwo esijwayelekile sephampu ye-washer motor
Ukushintshwa kwezingxenye kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo yokulungisa imoto.Njengomthetho, lo msebenzi ulula, wehlela emisebenzini eminingana:
1.Khipha intambo kutheminali yebhethri;
2.Khipha isixhumi kumshini wokuwasha kanye nezixhumi zepayipi kumapayipi epompo;
3.Khipha i-motor noma umhlangano wepompo ye-motor - ngenxa yalokhu ungase udinge ukususa isembozo ngepompo engaphansi kwamanzi (ezimotweni ezindala zasekhaya), noma ususe ubakaki noma ususe ngokucophelela iyunithi endaweni yayo ethangini;
4.Uma kunesidingo, hlanza isihlalo se-motor noma i-motor pump;
5.Faka idivayisi entsha futhi uhlangane ngokulandelana okuphambene.
Uma umsebenzi wenziwa emotweni enamaphampu e-motor, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukubeka isitsha ngaphansi kwethangi, ngoba uketshezi lungase luchitheke ethangini lapho kudilizwa injini.Futhi uma i-motor-pump ye-bidirectional ishintshwa, kuyadingeka ukuqapha ukuxhumeka okulungile kwamapayipi kumapayipi epompo.Ngemuva kokufakwa, udinga ukuhlola ukusebenza kwe-windshield washer, futhi, uma kwenzeka iphutha, shintsha amapayipi.
Ngokukhetha okulungile nokushintshwa kwe-washer motor, lonke uhlelo luzoqala ukusebenza ngaphandle kwezilungiselelo ezengeziwe, ukuqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka kwamafasitela kuzo zonke izimo zezulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-12-2023