Izimoto zesimanje zifakwe amasignali ukukhanya afakwe ngaphambili nangemuva.Ukwakheka kwe-beam yokukhanya kanye nemibala yayo ezibanini kunikezwa ama-diffusers - funda konke mayelana nalezi zingxenye, izinhlobo zazo, ukuklama, ukukhethwa nokushintshwa okulungile kulesi sihloko.
Iyini i-diffuser yokukhanya komsila
Ilensi yesibani sangemuva iyisici sokukhanya sezinto zokukhanyisa ezingemuva zezimoto, ukusabalalisa kabusha (ukuhlakazeka) kanye/noma ukufaka umbala ekukhanyeni kokukhanya okuvela esibanini, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi izici zamalambu angemuva zihlangabezana nezidingo zamazinga.
Imoto ngayinye, ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso ezisebenzayo, kufanele ifakwe izinto zokukhanyisa zangaphandle ngezinhloso ezihlukahlukene, ezitholakala ngaphambili nangemuva.Ngemuva kwezimoto, amabhasi, ogandaganda, ama-trailer nezinye izinto zokusebenza kunemishini yokukhanyisa eqinisekisa ukuphepha: izinkomba zendlela, amalambu amabhuleki, amalambu okupaka, amalambu okupaka kanye nesignali yokuhlehla.Lezi zixhobo zenziwe ngendlela yezibani ezihlukene noma ezihlanganisiwe, izici ezidingekayo ezinikezwa izingxenye ezisobala - ama-diffusers.
I-diffuser yokukhanya yangemuva yenza imisebenzi eminingana:
● Ukwabiwa kabusha kokugeleza okukhanyayo okuvela esibani - ukukhanya okuvela emthonjeni wephoyinti (isibani) kuhlakazeka ngokulinganayo endaweni ethile, okunikeza ukubonakala okungcono komlilo kuma-engeli ahlukene;
● Ukudweba ukuguquguquka okukhanyayo kumbala olawulwa ukukhanya ngakunye;
● Ukuvikelwa kwezibani nezinye izingxenye zangaphakathi zamalambu ezicini ezingezinhle zendawo ezungezile kanye nemithelela yemishini.
Uma i-diffuser yonakalisiwe, okuqukethwe kolwazi nemisebenzi yamathoshi kungase konakaliswe, ngakho le ngxenye kufanele ishintshwe ngesikhathi esifushane.Futhi ukuze wenze ukukhetha okufanele, kuyadingeka ukuqonda izinhlobo ezikhona, imiklamo kanye nezici zama-diffusers.
Idizayini nezinhlobo zamalensi okukhanya angemuva
Ngokwesakhiwo, noma iyiphi i-diffuser yezibani zangemuva iyisembozo esenziwe ngepulasitiki esobala futhi ependwe ngobuningi, ebekwe phezu kwelambu ngezikulufo nange-gasket yokuvala, izibani zokumboza nezinye izingxenye.Ama-diffuser ngokuvamile enziwa nge-polycarbonate evamile noma ye-fiberglass-reinforced, esobala futhi enombala omningi.
Ebusweni obungaphakathi bamalensi, kufakwa uthayela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusatshalaliswa kokukhanya okukhanyayo ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso ezimisiwe (± 15 degrees endizeni eqondile yawo wonke amalambu, futhi endizeni evundlile ± 45 degrees for ama-brake lights, + 80 / -45 degrees izibani zokupaka, njll.).I-Corrugation ingaba yezinhlobo ezimbili:
● Izakhi zokulandelela ilensi;
● I-Prismatic trace elements.
Izakhi zokulandelela ilensi zenziwe ngendlela yamasongo amancane agxilile anesigaba esiphambanayo seprismatic (triangular).Izindandatho ezinjalo zakha i-lens flat Fresnel, okuyinto, enobukhulu obuncane, inikeza ukusabalalisa ukukhanya okudingekayo.Ama-Prismatic trace elements ama-prism angawodwana anosayizi omncane, asatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo phezu kwe-diffuser.
Ama-diffuser okukhanya angemuva ahlukaniswe ngezinhlobo eziningana ngokuya ngomklamo wawo:
● Hlukanisa - ama-diffuser angawodwana esibani ngasinye;
● Iqoqo - ilensi evamile yesibani, lapho zonke izinto ezibonisa ukukhanya ezingemuva zemoto zihlanganiswa;
● Kuhlanganiswe - i-diffuser evamile yokukhanya okusemaceleni kanye nesibani sokukhanyisa igumbi;
● Kuhlanganisiwe - i-diffuser evamile yamalambu lapho isibani esisodwa senza khona imisebenzi emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngokuvamile ukukhanya okuseceleni kanye ne-brake light, kuhlanganiswe nenkomba yokuqondisa.
Njengamanje, izibani ezihlukene kanye nama-diffuser ngabanye asetshenziswa kakhulu kuyaqabukela, futhi ngisho nakumamodeli okuqala emishini yezimoto, isisombululo esinjalo singatholakala kuphela ngezibani zokupaka.Okuhlukile amalambu ahlehlayo afakwe ezimotweni eziningi zasekhaya, okuhlanganisa amaloli, nama-trailer.
Ezimotweni zabagibeli, okusakazeke kakhulu amalambu ahlanganisiwe anama-diffuser, ahlukaniswe ngenani lezingxenye zesignali yokukhanya ezinemibala ehlukahlukene.Ama-diffuser anjalo angaba nezindawo ezingafika kweziyisikhombisa:
● Eyedlulele engaphandle kwemoto iyinkomba yokuqondisa;
● Okuseduze kakhulu nenkomba yokuqondisa ukukhanya okuseceleni;
● Kunoma iyiphi indawo ekahle - isibani sebhuleki;
● Kunoma iyiphi indawo ekahle (kodwa ngokuvamile ngaphansi) - ukukhanya okuhlehlayo;
● Okudlulele ohlangothini lwe-axis longitudinal yemoto ukukhanya kwenkungu;
● Kunoma iyiphi indawo elula - isibonisi (reflector);
● Eceleni kwepuleti lelayisense kukhona ilambu lepuleti lelayisense.
Iyahlehla
isiphazamisi selambu Isihlukanisi selambu lendawo yangemuva
I-Tractor ye-diffuser yesibani esihlanganisiwe
isibani sangemuva esihlanganisiwe
I-Diffuser
Imvamisa, kulezi zibani ezihlanganisiwe, izibani ezisemaceleni nezibani zamabhuleki zingahlanganiswa nesibani esinama-spirals amabili (noma kuma-LED wokukhanya okuhlukile), okunikeza ukukhanya okuhlukile kwezibani lapho imoto ihamba futhi ibhuleka.Futhi, ezimotweni zesimanje zabagibeli, cishe awekho amadivaysi anezimpawu zokukhanya ahlanganisiwe anamalambu wepuleti lelayisense ahlanganisiwe.
Izibani ezihlanganisiwe ezinama-diffuser ezifanele zivame ukusetshenziswa emalolini, ama-trailer, ogandaganda nemishini ehlukahlukene, kanye naku-UAZ kuze kufike kumodeli we-Hunter.Izibani ezinjalo ziyizinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ezinama-diffuser ahlukene:
● Izigaba ezimbili ezinenkomba yokuqondisa kanye nokukhanya okusemaceleni;
● Izigaba ezimbili ezinenkomba yokuqondisa kanye nesibani esiseceleni esihlanganisiwe nesibani sebhuleki;
● Izigaba ezintathu ezinenkomba ehlukile yokuqondisa, ukukhanya okusemaceleni nokukhanya kwamabhuleki.
Izibani ezinezicucu ezimbili zivame ukuba nama-diffuser ahlanganisiwe enziwe ngama-halves amabili emibala ehlukene, okukuvumela ukuthi ushintshe ingxenye eyodwa kuphela uma kunesidingo.Kuma-diffuser anezigaba ezimbili nezigaba ezintathu, i-retroreflector ingase ifakwe ngokungeziwe.
Izindawo ezihlukene zama-diffuser zidwetshwe ngemibala ethile esethwe ngamazinga:
● Izibani zokupaka - zibomvu;
● Izikhombisi-ndlela - ezimhlophe noma eziphuzi ngokukhethayo (i-amber, i-orange);
● Amalambu amabhuleki abomvu;
● Izibani zenkungu - ezibomvu;
● Izibani ezihlehlayo zimhlophe.
Izibonisi ezibomvu nazo zisetshenziswa kuma-diffuser.
Ama-diffuser ahlanganisiwe, ahlanganisiwe futhi ahlanganisiwe ano-symmetrical (universal) futhi asymmetrical.Eyokuqala ingafakwa ngakwesokudla nangakwesobunxele, futhi ama-diffuser anohlelo oluvundlile lwezindawo zesignali yokukhanya kufanele aguqulwe ama-degree angu-180.Futhi okwesibili kufakwe kuphela ohlangothini lwabo, ngakho imoto isebenzisa isethi yama-diffusers amabili - kwesokudla nakwesokunxele.Konke lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe lapho uthenga izingxenye.
Izici zamalensi wesibani angemuva kufanele zihlangabezane nezidingo ze-GOST 8769-75, GOST R 41.7-99 kanye nabanye abasebenzayo eRussia.
Idizayini evamile yethoshi elinezigaba ezimbili kanye nendawo ye-diffuser kuyo
nezindaba zokukhethwa, ukushintshwa kanye nokugcinwa kwesibani somsila
Amalambu angemuva, ikakhulukazi amaloli nogandaganda, angaphansi kokuchayeka njalo ezicini zemvelo ezingezinhle, okuholela ekulimaleni kwawo, ukuqhekeka, ukuqhekeka kanye nokubhujiswa okuphelele.Akuvumelekile ukusebenzisa imoto ene-diffuser eyonakele, njengoba lokhu kungase kuholele ekujezisweni komnikazi wemoto.Ngakho-ke, le ngxenye kufanele ishintshwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.
Amalensi kufanele athathelwe indawo kuphela yilezo zinhlobo ezisetshenziswa ezibanini, futhi zihambisana nezibani ezifakwe ezibanini (lokhu kusebenza ezinkomba zokuqondisa).Lapha kuyadingeka ukucabangela uhlobo nohlangothi lokufakwa kwedivayisi yokukhanyisa, futhi usebenzise indawo yonke noma eyenzelwe lezi zihlukanisi zesibani.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ngokukhethekile umbala we-diffusers kanye nezindawo ezikuzo - kufanele zihambisane ncamashi ne-GOST.Ngasikhathi sinye, izinkomba zokuqondisa zingaba izinhlobo ezimbili - ezimhlophe noma ezisawolintshi (i-amber), zisetshenziswa ngamalambu ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene: ezimhlophe - ngezibani, isibani saso esipendwe ngombala ophuzi (amber) okhethiwe, futhi i-orange - ngezibani ezijwayelekile ezine-bulb esobala.Namuhla, ungathola ama-diffuser ahlanganisiwe anezigaba ezimbili lapho indawo engaphansi kwenkomba yokuqondisa ingashintshwa yingxenye emhlophe noma e-orange, evumela ukuthi isetshenziswe ngezibani zanoma yiluphi uhlobo.
Ukushintsha i-diffuser ngokuvamile kulula kakhulu: vele ukhulule izikulufi ezimbalwa, susa i-diffuser endala kanye ne-gasket, hlanza indawo yokufaka izingxenye, beka uphawu olusha, faka i-diffuser kanye nesikulufu kuzikulufu.Ukushintsha ama-diffuser wemishini yokukhanyisa yezimoto zabagibeli zanamuhla, kungase kudingeke ukuthi kuhlakazwe yonke i-lantern.Kunoma yikuphi, wonke umsebenzi kufanele wenziwe ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo yokulungisa nokugcinwa kwemoto.
Ngokukhetha okulungile nokushintshwa kwe-diffuser, zonke izibani zemoto zizofinyelela izinga futhi zibe negalelo ekuphepheni komgwaqo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-11-2023