Kuzo zonke izimoto zesimanje kukhona izilawuli eziyinhloko - isondo lokuqondisa, ama-pedals kanye ne-gear lever.Ama-Pedals, njengomthetho, ahlanganiswa abe yiyunithi ekhethekile - ibhulokhi lama-pedals.Funda mayelana neyunithi ye-pedal, inhloso yayo, izinhlobo kanye nomklamo, kanye nokugcinwa nokulungiswa kulesi sihloko.
Inhloso yeyunithi yokunyathela
Ngisho nabadali bezimoto zokuqala babhekana nenkinga enkulu: akuzona zonke izilawuli ezingasetshenziswa kuphela ngezandla zabo, ngakho-ke ngokushesha izimoto zaqala ukuhlonyiswa ngama-pedals ukulawula imilenze.Isikhathi eside impela kwakungekho indinganiso eyodwa eyayizosungula indawo nenjongo yamaphedali, izikimu esizijwayele zazicishe zenziwe kuphela ngeminyaka yama-30s kanye nama-40s ekhulwini elidlule.Futhi namuhla sinezinyawo ezintathu ezimotweni ezine-transmission manual (igesi, i-clutch kanye ne-brake pedals), nama-pedals amabili ezimotweni ezine-automatic transmission (kuphela igesi namabhuleki).
Ngokwesakhiwo, ama-pedals avame ukuhlanganiswa abe yisakhiwo esisodwa - i-pedal assembly noma i-pedal unit.Le nodi ixazulula izinkinga ezimbalwa:
- Yehlisa amandla okusebenza ngesikhathi sokufakwa kanye nokulungiswa kwamaphedali efektri;
- Isiza ukugcinwa, ukulungiswa kanye nokulungiswa kwamaphedali ngesikhathi sokulungiswa nokusebenza kwemoto;
- Iqinisekisa ukufakwa ngendlela efanele kwama-pedals kanye nokusebenza ngendlela efanele kwemishini yokushayela;
- Yenza imisebenzi yokuthuthukisa i-ergonomics nokuphepha kwesihlalo somshayeli.
Ngakho-ke, umhlangano we-pedal uxazulula izinkinga zobuchwepheshe kuphela futhi ubamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwendawo yokusebenza ye-ergonomic, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukusebenza kahle komshayeli, ukukhathala kwakhe, njll.
Izinhlobo nokuklanywa kwamabhulokhi e-pedal
Imihlangano yesimanje yama-pedal ingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amaningana ngokuya ngokusebenza, ukuphelela, ukusebenza kanye nezici zokuklama.
Ngokusebenza, wonke amabhulokhi e-pedal ahlukaniswe abe izinhlobo ezimbili ezinkulu:
- Ezimotweni ezine-manual transmission (nge-manual transmission);
- Ngezimoto ezine-othomathikhi (ezinokudluliselwa okuzenzakalelayo).
Umehluko phakathi kwamayunithi okudlulisa ngesandla kanye nokuhambisa okuzenzakalelayo kusekuhlelweni okuhlukile kwamaphedali, ukuphelela kwawo, izindawo zokufakwa, njll. Futhi ezimweni eziningi, iyunithi ye-pedal yohlobo olulodwa inzima kakhulu noma akunakwenzeka ukuyifaka emotweni olunye uhlobo.
Ngokuphathelene nokuphelela, imihlangano ye-pedal ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko:
- I-Pedal block yezimoto ezine-othomathikhi, ehlanganisa amabhuleki nama-gas pedals;
- I-Pedal block yezimoto ezihanjiswa ngesandla, ezihlanganisa igesi, amabhuleki nama-clutch pedals;
- I-Pedal block yezimoto ezihanjiswa ngesandla, ehlanganisa kuphela i-clutch nama-brake pedals.
Ngakho-ke, ama-pedal blocks angahlanganisa wonke ama-pedals, noma ingxenye yawo kuphela.Uma imoto isebenzisa ibhulokhi ye-clutch kanye ne-brake pedals, i-gas pedal yenziwa ngendlela yeyunithi ehlukile.Futhi, wonke ama-pedals angenziwa ngendlela yama-node ahlukene, kodwa lesi sixazululo asivamile ukusetshenziswa namuhla.
Ngokusebenza, ama-pedal blocks ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu amakhulu:
- Ibhulokhi equkethe kuphela ama-pedals kanye nezingxenye zengxenye yemishini yamadrayivu wezinhlelo ezihambisanayo - iziphethu ezibuyayo, ama-bipods, amafoloko, ukuxhumana, njll.;
- Iyunithi equkethe zombili izingxenye zemishini kanye ne-hydraulic / pneumohydraulic zamasistimu ahambisanayo - i-brake master cylinder, i-brake booster kanye ne-clutch master cylinder;
- Iyunithi equkethe ingxenye ye-elekthronikhi yezinhlelo, ikakhulukazi ukushintshwa okulinganiselwe, izinzwa zokunyathela nokunye.
Ekugcineni, ngokwezici zokuklama, wonke amabhulokhi e-pedal angahlukaniswa (kwezinye izimo ngokwemibandela kakhulu) abe ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu:
- Amabhulokhi ezinyawo angenahlaka (angenahlaka);
- Amabhlogo anohlaka (uhlaka) olubamba zonke izingxenye ezihlanganisiwe.
Ukusebenzisa lezi zinhlobo njengesibonelo, sizocabangela izici eziyinhloko zokuklama zamabhulokhi e-pedal.
Amabhlogo angenazimele ahlelwa kalula nje.Isisekelo somhlangano yi-axis ye-tubular ye-clutch pedal, ngaphakathi lapho i-axis ye-pedal pedal igejwa khona.Ekupheleni kwepayipi kanye ne-axle kukhona ama-levers (ama-bipods) okuxhumana ne-drive yesistimu ehambisanayo.Abakaki ababili basetshenziselwa ukukhweza iyunithi kukhebhu noma ingaphakathi lemoto.
Amabhulokhi anefreyimu ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu: isisekelo sesakhiwo siwuhlaka lwensimbi olwakhiwe ngaphambili olubamba ama-pedals nezinye izingxenye.Kufreyimu kukhona namabakaki (noma ama-eyelets noma izimbobo nje) zokufaka iyunithi ngaphakathi kwekhabethe / ikhabethe.Izimbazo ezinyathelayo, ama-return springs, i-brake master cylinder ene-vacuum booster, isilinda esiyinhloko se-clutch kanye namaswishi/izinzwa ezinomkhawulo kugxilwe kuhlaka ngendlela eyodwa noma enye.
Ama-pedals ngokwawo angaba yizinhlobo ezimbili:
-Inhlanganisela;
- All-metal.
Izingxenye zenziwe ngezingxenye eziningana ezikuvumela ukuthi ulungise ubude be-pedal noma uyilungise ngaphandle kokushintsha ngokuphelele umhlangano.Amaphedali ensimbi yonke ayisakhiwo esisodwa esigxivizwe, esisansimbi noma esishiselwe esingakuvumeli ukulungiswa futhi siguqule ukuhlangana uma kwenzeka ukuphuka.Amaphedi e-pedal anothayela noma ambozwe ngamaphedi enjoloba agxunyekiwe, avimbela unyawo ukuthi lungasheleli lapho ushayela.
Namuhla, kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zamabhulokhi e-pedal, kodwa ingxenye enkulu yawo anomklamo nokusebenza okuchazwe ngenhla.
Ukugcinwa kanye nokulungiswa kwamayunithi ahamba ngezinyawo
Ama-Pedal Assemblies anjalo awadingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, kodwa amaphedali angawodwana eyunithi angase adinge ukunakwa ngaphakathi kohlaka lokunakekelwa kwesistimu okukhona.Ikakhulukazi, ukulungiswa kwe-clutch pedal kanye ne-cylinder ehambisana nayo kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokugcinwa kwe-clutch, ukulungiswa kwe-pedal ye-brake kanye ne-cylinder ye-brake - ngesikhathi sokugcinwa kwesistimu ye-brake, njll. Ukwengeza, ama-pedals. , izinsimbi zabo, ukungezwani kwentwasahlobo kanye nesimo esijwayelekile singahlolwa ku-TO-2 ngayinye.
Uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle noma ukuguqulwa kwe-pedal, ukulungiswa kwabo kwe-freewheel nezinye izinkinga, kuyadingeka ukulungisa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.Ngalo msebenzi, awukwazi ukubambezeleka, ngoba ukuphathwa nokuphepha kwemoto kuncike ekusebenzeni kwama-pedals.Inqubo yokugcinwa nokulungiswa kwama-pedals noma imihlangano ye-pedal ichazwe emiyalweni yezimoto ezihambisanayo, ngeke sizicabangele lapha.
Ngokusebenza kahle, ukugcinwa nokulungiswa ngesikhathi esifanele, i-pedal unit izosebenza isikhathi eside futhi inokwethenjelwa, iqinisekisa ukuphathwa, ukunethezeka nokuphepha kwemoto.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-24-2023