Yonke imoto yesimanje ifakwe amabhuleki amaningana, okuhlanganisa ukupaka, noma "ibhuleki lesandla".Izindlela zamabhuleki ebhuleki lesandla zishayelwa izintambo zensimbi eziguquguqukayo - funda konke mayelana nalezi zingxenye, izinhlobo zazo ezikhona kanye nemiklamo, kanye nokukhetha kwazo nokushintshwa, esihlokweni.
Iyini ikhebuli yebhuleki yokupaka?
Ikhebula lebhuleki lokupaka (ikhebula lebhuleki lesandla, ikhebula lebhuleki lesandla) - isici se-parking brake drive yezimoto ezinamasondo;Ikhebula lensimbi elisontekile emgodleni ovikelayo oxhuma i-lever yedrayivu yebhuleki yokupaka kumaphedi amabhuleki kanye nezingxenye ezimaphakathi zedrayivu.
Izimoto ezinamasondo ezinomshini wokubhuleka osebenza ngaphansi kwamanzi zisebenzisa ibhuleki elilungiswayo lokupaka elinamaphedi okubhuleka aqondile asuka endaweni yokuleva efakwe egunjini lekhebhu/abagibeli.Ukushayela kwamapayipi kwakhiwe ngesisekelo sezinto eziguquguqukayo - izintambo ezenza imisebenzi yezinduku.
Ikhebula lebhuleki lokupaka lenza imisebenzi eminingana:
● Ukudluliswa kwamandla asuka ku-lever yebhuleki yokupaka aye kuma-brake pads amasondo e-asi angemuva (ezimotweni zabagibeli) kanye namaphedi amabhuleki esandla kushaft yophephela (kwamanye amaloli);
● Isinxephezelo sokukhubazeka kohlaka, izakhi zomzimba wemoto kanye nezingxenye ezimisiwe, ngenxa yalokho ukuma okuhlobene kwamaphedi kanye ne-lever kungase kushintshe - lokhu kubonakala ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwentambo (amakhebula);
● Ukwenza lula okujwayelekile komklamo webhuleki lokupaka - uma usebenzisa izintambo, asikho isidingo sokusebenzisa izinduku eziqinile ezinamahinge nezinsimbi eziningi.
Izintambo zamabhuleki esandla zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuphepheni kwemoto phakathi nezindawo zokupaka ezifushane nezinde, futhi zenza umnikelo obalulekile ezingeni lilonke lokuphepha emigwaqweni.Noma yikuphi ukungasebenzi kahle kwekhebula kungaholela esimeni esiphuthumayo, ngakho le ngxenye kufanele ishintshwe ngokushesha okukhulu.Kodwa ngaphambi kokuthenga ikhebula le-handbrake, udinga ukuqonda izinhlobo, umklamo kanye nezici zalezi zingxenye.
Izinhlobo, umklamo kanye nezici zokupaka izintambo zamabhuleki
Njengamanje, izimoto zisebenzisa ibhuleki lokupaka elinezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokushayela:
● Ngekhebula elilodwa kanye nokudonsa okuqinile;
● Ngezintambo ezimbili kanye nokudonsa okuqinile;
● Ngezintambo ezintathu.
Idivayisi elula kakhulu ine-drive enekhebula elilodwa: isebenzisa induku emaphakathi eqinile, exhunywe ku-lever kanye nomhlahlandlela wensimbi obamba ikhebula elifakwe kuyo;Ikhebula lixhunywe emaphethelweni ayo kuma-brake pad drives kumasondo angakwesokudla nakwesokunxele.Lapha, ikhebula elilodwa lihlukaniswa kabili, ingxenye ngayinye isebenza esondweni lalo, futhi amandla asuka esicicini asakazwa kusetshenziswa induku yensimbi enentambo lapho umhlahlandlela ubanjwe khona.Uhlelo olunjalo kulula ukusebenza futhi lulungise, kodwa lunokwethenjelwa okuphansi, njengoba ukugqoka noma ukuphuka kwekhebula kuholela ekuphazamisekeni okuphelele kokusebenza kwebhuleki yokupaka.
Amaloli amaningi aphinde asebenzise ibhuleki lokupaka ngekhebula elilodwa - lisetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa amaphedi esigubhu sebhuleki esigxunyekwe ku-propeller shaft ndawonye.Kuhlelo olunjalo, ikhebula lixhunywe ngokuqondile ku-handbrake lever ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izinduku eziphakathi nendawo.
Izingxenye zedrayivu yebhuleki yokupaka enezintambo ezimbili nesilinganisi sekhebula
Idivayisi eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ine-drive enezintambo ezimbili: isebenzisa izintambo ezimbili ezihlukene ezixhunywe kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-equalizer noma i-compensator, yona, etholakala endongeni eqinile.Ngenxa yokuba khona kwezintambo ezimbili ezizimele, ukusebenza kwe-brake yokupaka kugcinwa lapho enye yazo igugile noma iphukile - amandla esondo lesibili adluliselwa yikhebula lesibili lonke.Idrayivu enjalo iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunangaphambili, kodwa inokwethenjelwa okuphezulu, ngakho-ke namuhla isetshenziswa kakhulu.
Ekushayeleni kohlobo lwesithathu, induku eqinile ithathelwa indawo ikhebula lesithathu elifushane - ixhuma i-lever ye-brake yokupaka ne-equalizer / compensator yezintambo ezingemuva.Amasistimu anjalo anokuguquguquka okukhulu ngokwemibandela yokulungiswa futhi asebenza kahle ngisho nokugudluzwa okuphawulekayo kwezingxenye zokushayela ezihlobene nomunye nomunye (isibonelo, ngomthwalo omkhulu nongalingani wemoto, lapho upaka imoto emthambekeni, lapho enye yezindawo ezingemuva. amasondo ashaya igquma noma ikhefu, njll.).Ngakho-ke, i-handbrake drive enezintambo ezintathu namuhla nayo isetshenziswa kabanzi ezimotweni zezinhlobo ezahlukene namakilasi.
Iqembu elihlukile lokushayela liqukethe amasistimu anezintambo ezimbili zobude obuhlukene.Ikhebula elilodwa lixhunywe ngqo ku-drive lever futhi linikeza idrayivu yamaphedi elinye lamasondo (imvamisa elingakwesokunxele).Ikhebula lesibili lobude obufushane lixhunywe kweyokuqala ebangeni elithile ukusuka ku-lever, ngokuvamile libekwe eceleni kwebhuloho lebhuloho, eliqinisekisa ukuthembeka okuphezulu kwesakhiwo sonke (ngakho ikhebula livikelwe emathonyeni amabi, ukushaqeka nokugoba).Ukuxhumeka kwezintambo kwenziwa kusetshenziswa i-equalizer (isinxephezelo) nethuba lokulungiswa.
Izingxenye zedrayivu zamabhuleki okupaka ngamakhebula amathathu
Zonke izintambo zamabhuleki okupaka zinomshini ofanayo ngokuyisisekelo, zihluka kuphela ngemininingwane ethile.Isisekelo sesakhiwo ikhebula lensimbi elisontekile lobubanzi obuncane (ngaphakathi kuka-2-3 mm), elibekwe emgodleni wokuzivikela.Ngaphakathi, igobolondo ligcwele amafutha, avimbela ukugqwala nokugxumela kwekhebula.Emaphethelweni ekhebula, amathiphu agxilwe ngokuqinile ukuze axhunywe nezingxenye zokushayela - i-lever, i-equalizer, i-brake pad drive.Amathiphu angaba nomklamo ohlukile:
● Taw;
● Amasilinda;
● Amahinge anobumo nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene;
● Amathiphu amise okwe-U (izimfoloko).
I-sheath yekhebula ithatha ubude bayo bonke, ngaphandle kwamasentimitha ambalwa ohlangothini lwamathiphu.Igobolondo lingaba nomklamo ohlukile:
● I-polymer (evamile noma eqinisiwe) umgodla wongqimba olulodwa kubo bonke ubude bentambo;
● Igobolondo lezikhali (intwasahlobo) ezihlokweni zekhebula, ezixhumene nezingxenye ezizungezile zokulengiswa nomzimba, futhi ngenxa yalokho zingaphansi kokuguga okuphawulekayo;
● Othayela berabha (ama-anther) ezihlokweni zekhebula (kolunye noma nhlangothi zombili), okuvikela ikhebula othulini nokungcola, futhi kuvimbele ukuvuza kwamafutha.
Kuzo zombili iziphetho zegobolondo, ama-metal bushings anemiklamo ehlukene ayalungiswa:
● Ngentambo yangaphandle namantongomane amabili - ngokuvamile umkhono onjalo utholakala ohlangothini lokunamathisela ikhebula kusilinganisi (ngokuqondile, kubakaki abavimbela igobolondo ukuthi lingagudluki), kodwa kunezintambo ezinezintambo ezinentambo nhlangothi zombili. ;
● Ngentambo yangaphakathi - izihlahla ezinjalo zivame ukusetshenziswa ezintanjeni zamabhuleki okupaka iloli;
● Nge-thrust plate noma ubakaki - umkhono onjalo utholakala ohlangothini lokunamathisela ikhebula kusivikelo sebhuleki lesondo.
Kulokhu, ama-bushings angaqondile noma agobile, okubangelwa izici zokuklama ze-brake yokupaka imoto.
Izintambo zamabhuleki okupaka ziphelele ngesilinganisi
Ama-polymer bushings engeziwe (aqinisiwe), ama-clamps kanye nabakaki nawo angatholakala emgodleni wekhebula - lezi yizinto ezifakwayo ezidingekayo endaweni efanele yekhebula kanye nokuqiniswa kwayo ezintweni zomzimba noma ifreyimu yemoto.
Njengomthetho, ubude nezinye izici zekhebula zikhonjiswe kulebula yayo noma ezincwadini ezifanele zokubhekisela - lolu lwazi lusiza ukukhetha ikhebula elisha lapho endala iguga.
Indlela yokukhetha nokushintsha ikhebula lebhuleki yokupaka
Izintambo zamabhuleki okupaka zingaphansi kwemithwalo ebalulekile, ngakho ziyaguga, zelule futhi ziphelelwe amandla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Ngesikhathi sokugcinwa okujwayelekile, kunconywa ukuthi uhlole izintambo futhi, uma kunesidingo, ulungise amandla abo okucindezela - ngokuvamile lokhu kwenziwa nge-nati ngentonga eqinile noma i-equalizer.Uma ukulungiswa okunjalo akuqinisekisi ukusebenza okuvamile kwe-handbrake (ikhebula leluliwe ngokweqile futhi alihlinzeki ngokulingana okuthembekile kwamaphedi), khona-ke ikhebula (amakhebula) kufanele ashintshwe.
Ukukhethwa kwezintambo kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana nemodeli nonyaka wokukhiqizwa kwemoto - ikhebula elisha kufanele libe nenombolo yekhathalogi efanayo nendala.Uma ikhebula elifunayo lingatholakali, khona-ke ungazama ukukhetha ikhebula lohlobo oluhlukile ngobude, ukuklama kanye nohlobo lwamathiphu.Ungakwazi futhi ukuthatha ama-analogue kwezinye izimoto, izingxenye zokukhiqiza ezinikezwa abakhiqizi abafanayo.
Uma i-handbrake drive inezintambo ezimbili ezingemuva, futhi eyodwa kuphela yazo inephutha, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuthi uguqule yonke i-pair ngesikhathi esisodwa - lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ngokumelene nokuqhekeka okuseduze kwekhebula lesibili.Ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezinjalo, abakhiqizi abaningi banikeza amasethi ezintambo kanye nazo zonke izingxenye ezidingekayo eziphakathi.
Ukushintshwa kwezintambo zamabhuleki esandla kumele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo yokukhanda nokugcinwa kwayo kule moto.Njengomthetho, lo msebenzi uncishisiwe ukukhulula nokudiliza i-equalizer / compensator, emva kwalokho ungasusa ikhebula ngokukhipha amantongomane kuma-fasteners futhi ukhiphe amathiphu kubaphathi nhlangothi zombili.Ukufakwa kwekhebula elisha kwenziwa ngokulandelana okuphambene, ngemva kwalokho ukulungiswa kwenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukungezwani okufunayo kwezintambo.Lapho wenza umsebenzi, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza nokungahambi kahle kwemoto ngosizo lwezicathulo noma ezinye izindlela.Kamuva, kuyadingeka ukuqapha isimo sezintambo futhi ngezikhathi ezithile ulungise ukungezwani kwabo.
Ngokukhetha okulungile nokushintshwa kwezintambo, isistimu yamabhuleki okupaka izimoto izosebenza ngokwethembeka nangempumelelo kunoma iyiphi indawo yokupaka.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-26-2023