Isisekelo sesistimu ye-pneumatic yamaloli e-MAZ iyiyunithi yomjovo womoya - i-compressor ephindaphindiwe.Funda mayelana ne-MAZ air compressors, izinhlobo zabo, izici, umklamo kanye nesimiso sokusebenza, kanye nokugcinwa okufanele, ukukhethwa nokuthengwa kwalesi sihloko kulesi sihloko.
Iyini i-compressor ye-MAZ?
I-compressor ye-MAZ iyingxenye yesistimu ye-brake yamaloli e-Minsk Automobile Plant enezinqubo zokushayela umoya we-pneumatic;umshini wokucindezela umoya ovela emkhathini futhi uwunikeze kumayunithi ohlelo lwe-pneumatic.
I-compressor ingenye yezingxenye eziyinhloko zesistimu ye-pneumatic, inemisebenzi emithathu eyinhloko:
• Ukungenisa umoya ovela emkhathini;
• Ukucindezela komoya ekucindezelweni okudingekayo (0.6-1.2 MPa, kuye ngokuthi indlela yokusebenza);
• Ukuhlinzekwa komthamo womoya odingekayo ohlelweni.
I-compressor ifakwe endaweni yokungena ohlelweni, inikeza umoya ocindezelwe ngevolumu eyanele ukusebenza okuvamile kwazo zonke izingxenye zesistimu yebhuleki nabanye abathengi.Ukusebenza okungalungile noma ukwehluleka kwalolu phiko kunciphisa ukusebenza kwamabhuleki futhi kukhinyabeze ukuphathwa kwemoto.Ngakho-ke, i-compressor engalungile kufanele ilungiswe noma ishintshwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi ukuze wenze ukukhetha okufanele kweyunithi, udinga ukuqonda izinhlobo zayo, izici nezici.
Izinhlobo, izici kanye nokusebenza kwe-MAZ compressors
Izimoto ze-MAZ zisebenzisa ama-compressor emoyeni we-piston enesiteji esisodwa ne-cylinder eyodwa nambili.Ukusebenza kwamayunithi kuncike kumodeli wenjini efakwe emotweni, amamodeli amabili ayisisekelo asetshenziswa kakhulu:
- I-130-3509 yezimoto ezine-YaMZ-236 ne-YaMZ-238 yezitshalo zamandla zokuguqulwa okuhlukahlukene, i-MMZ D260 nabanye, kanye nezitshalo zamandla ezintsha ze-YaMZ "Euro-3" nangaphezulu (YaMZ-6562.10 nabanye);
- 18.3509015-10 kanye nokuguqulwa kwezimoto ezinezitshalo zamandla ze-TMZ 8481.10 zokuguqulwa okuhlukahlukene.
Imodeli eyisisekelo 130-3409 iyi-compressor engu-2-cylinder, ngesisekelo lapho umugqa wonke wamayunithi wenziwa khona, imingcele yawo eyinhloko yethulwa etafuleni:
| Imodeli ye-Compressor | Ukukhiqiza, l/min | Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, kW | Uhlobo lwe-Actuator |
|---|---|---|---|
| 16-3509012 | 210 | 2,17 | I-V-belt drive, i-pulley 172 mm |
| 161-3509012 | 210 | 2,0 | |
| 161-3509012-20 | 275 | 2,45 | |
| 540-3509015,540-3509015 B1 | 210 | 2,17 | |
| 5336-3509012 | 210 |
Lawa mayunithi ahlinzeka ngalezi zici ngesivinini esivamile se-shaft esingu-2000 rpm futhi agcine imvamisa efinyelela ku-2500 rpm.Ama-Compressors 5336-3509012, aklanyelwe izinjini zesimanje, asebenza ngesivinini se-shaft sika-2800 no-3200 rpm, ngokulandelana.
Ama-compressor afakwe enjinini, axhuma kumasistimu ayo okupholisa kanye nawokugcoba.Inhloko yeyunithi ipholile ngamanzi, amasilinda apholile emoyeni ngenxa yamaphiko athuthukile.Ukugcotshwa kwezingxenye zokuxubha kuhlangene (izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zigcotshwa ngaphansi kwengcindezi kanye ne-oil spray).Umehluko phakathi kokuguqulwa kwama-compressor wemodeli yesisekelo 130-3409 yisimo esihlukile samapayipi okungena kanye nokuphuma kwesistimu yokupholisa kanye ne-lubrication, kanye nomklamo wama-valve.
Iyunithi 18.3509015-10 - i-cylinder eyodwa, enamandla angu-373 l / min ngesivinini esilinganiselwe se-shaft sika-2000 rpm (esiphezulu - 2700 rpm, esiphezulu ekucindezelweni kwe-outlet encishisiwe - 3000 rpm).I-compressor ifakwe enjinini, iqhutshwa amagiya omshini wokusabalalisa igesi, ixhunywe ezinhlelweni zokupholisa nezokuthambisa zenjini.Ukupholisa ikhanda kuwuketshezi, ukupholisa isilinda kuwumoya, i-lubricant ihlanganisiwe.
Iqembu elihlukile liqukethe ama-compressors 5340.3509010-20 / LK3881 (i-cylinder eyodwa) kanye ne-536.3509010 / LP4870 (amasilinda amabili) - lawa mayunithi anomthamo we-270 l / min (zombili izinketho) kanye nokushayela kusuka kumagiya wesikhathi.
Ama-compressor awo wonke amamodeli anikezwa ngokucushwa okuhlukahlukene - ngaphandle nangaphandle kwama-pulleys, ngokuthulula (nge-mechanical pressure regulator, "isosha") nangaphandle kwayo, njll.
Idizayini kanye nesimiso sokusebenza kwe-MAZ compressors
Ama-compressor we-MAZ awo wonke amamodeli anedivayisi elula kakhulu.Isisekelo seyunithi yi-cylinder block, engxenyeni engenhla lapho amasilinda atholakala khona, futhi engxenyeni engezansi kukhona i-crankshaft enezintambo zayo.I-crankcase yeyunithi ivaliwe ngezembozo zangaphambili nangemuva, ikhanda lifakwe ku-block ngokusebenzisa i-gasket (gaskets).Kumasilinda kukhona ama-piston ezindongeni zokuxhuma, ukufakwa kwalezi zingxenye kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ama-liners.I-pulley noma igiya lokushayela lifakwe ozwaneni lwe-crankshaft, i-pulley / igiya ifakwe ukhiye, ngokulungiswa ngokumelene nokugudluzwa kwe-longitudinal nge-nati.
I-block kanye ne-crankshaft ineziteshi zikawoyela ezihlinzeka ngamafutha ezingxenyeni zokuhlikihla.Uwoyela onomfutho ugeleza eziteshini eziku-crankshaft ukuya kumajenali wezinduku ezixhumayo, lapho ugcoba khona indawo yokuhlangana yama-liner kanye nenduku yokuxhuma.Futhi, ukucindezela okuncane okuvela kumajenali wenduku yokuxhuma ngenduku yokuxhuma kungena ephinini le-piston.Ngaphezu kwalokho, uwoyela ugeleza futhi uphulwa izingxenye ezijikelezayo zibe amaconsi amancane - inkungu kawoyela ewumphumela igcoba izindonga zesilinda nezinye izingxenye.
Ekhanda le-block kukhona ama-valve - ukungena, lapho umoya ovela emkhathini ungena khona ku-cylinder, futhi uphume, lapho umoya ocindezelweyo unikezwa khona kumayunithi alandelayo wesistimu.Ama-valve amise okwe-wafer, abanjwe endaweni evaliwe ngosizo lwemithombo ehlanganisiwe.Phakathi kwama-valve kukhona idivayisi yokuthulula, okuthi, lapho ingcindezi endaweni ye-compressor ikhuphuka ngokweqile, ivula ama-valve womabili, okuvumela ukudlula komoya wamahhala phakathi kwabo ngokusebenzisa isiteshi sokukhipha.
Idizayini ye-compressor enamasilinda amabili MAZ
Isimiso sokusebenza se-air compressors silula.Lapho injini iqala, i-shaft yeyunithi iqala ukujikeleza, inikeza ukunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe kwama-piston ngokusebenzisa izinduku zokuxhuma.Lapho i-piston yehliswa ngaphansi kwethonya lokucindezela komkhathi, i-valve yokungena iyavuleka, futhi umoya ovela, ngemva kokudlula esihlungini ukuze ususe ukungcola, ugcwalise isilinda.Lapho i-piston iphakanyiswa, i-valve yokungena ivala, ngesikhathi esifanayo i-valve yokukhipha ivaliwe - ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwe-cylinder iyanda.Lapho ukucindezela okuthile kufinyelelwa, i-valve yokukhipha iyavuleka futhi umoya ugeleze kuyo ungene ohlelweni lwe-pneumatic.Uma ingcindezi ohlelweni iphezulu kakhulu, khona-ke idivayisi yokukhipha iqala ukusebenza, ama-valve womabili avulekile, kanye ne-compressor idles.
Kumayunithi angamasilinda amabili, amasilinda asebenza ku-antiphase: lapho ipiston eyodwa yehla futhi umoya udonswa kusilinda, ipiston yesibili iya phezulu bese iphusha umoya ocindezelwe ohlelweni.
Izinkinga zokugcinwa, ukulungiswa, ukukhethwa kanye nokushintshwa kwe-MAZ compressors
I-compressor yomoya iyiyunithi elula nethembekile engasebenza iminyaka.Kodwa-ke, ukufeza lo mphumela, kuyadingeka ukwenza njalo ukugcinwa okunqunyiwe.Ikakhulukazi, ukungezwani kwebhande lokushayela lama-compressor angama-cylinder amabili kufanele kubhekwe nsuku zonke (ukuchezuka kwebhande akufanele kudlule u-5-8 mm lapho kusetshenziswa amandla angama-3 kg kulo), futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukulungiswa kufanele. kwenziwe kusetshenziswa ibhawudi le-tensioner.
Njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-10-12 wokugijima, udinga ukuhlola uphawu lwesiteshi sokuhambisa uwoyela esembozweni sangemuva seyunithi.Njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-40-50 wokugijima, ikhanda kufanele lihlakazwe, kufanele lihlanzwe, ama-piston, ama-valve, iziteshi, amapayipi okuhlinzeka kanye nokuphuma, nezinye izingxenye.Ukuthembeka nobuqotho bama-valve ngokushesha bahlolwe, uma kunesidingo, bashintshwa (nge-lapping).Futhi, idivayisi ethulayo ingaphansi kokuhlolwa.Wonke umsebenzi kufanele wenziwe ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo yokugcinwa nokulungiswa kwemoto.
Uma izingxenye zomuntu ngamunye ze-compressor break, zingashintshwa, kwezinye izimo kuyadingeka ukushintsha ngokuphelele i-compressor (ukuguqulwa nokuqhekeka ekhanda kanye ne-block, ukugqoka okujwayelekile kwamasilinda nokunye ukungasebenzi kahle).Lapho ukhetha i-compressor entsha, kuyadingeka ukucabangela imodeli nokuguqulwa kweyunithi endala, kanye nemodeli yeyunithi yamandla.Ngokuvamile, wonke amayunithi okusekelwe 130-3509 kukhona ukushintshashintsha futhi ungakwazi ukusebenza kunoma iyiphi injini YaMZ-236, 238 kanye ukuguqulwa eziningi zazo.Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ezinye zazo zinamandla angama-210 l / min, kanti ezinye zinamandla angama-270 l / min, futhi ama-compressor amasha wemodeli 5336-3509012 yokuguqulwa okuhlukahlukene ngokuvamile asebenza ngesivinini esikhulu. .Uma injini esetshenziselwa ukuba ne-compressor enamandla angu-270 l / min, khona-ke iyunithi entsha kufanele ifane, ngaphandle kwalokho uhlelo ngeke lube nomoya owanele wokusebenza okuvamile.
I-Single-cylinder compressors 18.3509015-10 inikezwa ngenani elincane lokuguqulwa, futhi akuzona zonke eziguquguqukayo.Isibonelo, i-compressor 18.3509015 yenzelwe izinjini ze-KAMAZ 740 futhi ayifanele izinjini ze-YaMZ.Ukuze ugweme amaphutha, kubalulekile ukucacisa amagama aphelele we-compressor ngaphambi kokuwathenga.
Ngokwehlukana, kufanelekile ukusho ama-compressor aseJalimane i-KNORR-BREMSE, angama-analogue amamodeli angenhla amayunithi.Isibonelo, ama-compressor angama-cylinder amabili angashintshwa yiyunithi 650.3509009, kanye ne-compressor ye-cylinder eyodwa nge-LP-3999.Lawa ma-compressor anezici ezifanayo kanye nobukhulu bokufaka, ngakho athatha kalula indawo yasekhaya.
Ngokukhetha okulungile nokufakwa, i-compressor ye-MAZ izosebenza ngokuthembekile, iqinisekise ukusebenza kwesistimu ye-pneumatic yemoto kunoma yiziphi izimo zokusebenza.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-05-2023