Igridi yamandla ingenye yezinhlelo ezibaluleke kakhulu zemoto yesimanje, yenza amakhulu emisebenzi futhi yenza ukusebenza kwemoto ngokwayo kwenzeke.Indawo ephakathi ohlelweni ibanjwe yi-blocking block - funda ngalezi zingxenye zezimoto ze-VAZ, izinhlobo zazo, ukuklama, ukugcinwa nokulungisa esihlokweni.
Inhloso kanye nokusebenza kwamabhulokhi afakwayo
Kunoma iyiphi imoto, kunamadivaysi kagesi nawe-elekthronikhi amaningana anezinjongo ezihlukahlukene - lezi yimishini yokukhanyisa, ama-windshield wiper namawasha omshini wokuwasha, ama-ECU amayunithi kagesi nezinye izakhi, i-alamu nezinkomba, nezinye.Inani elikhulu lama-relay namafuse asetshenziselwa ukuvula/ukuvala nokuvikela lawa madivayisi.Ukuze kube lula kakhulu ukufakwa, ukugcinwa nokulungiswa, lezi zingxenye zikumojula eyodwa - i-mounting block (MB).Lesi sixazululo sikhona futhi kuzo zonke izinhlobo zeVolga Automobile Plant.
I-VAZ mounting block isetshenziselwa ukushintsha nokuvikela amadivaysi akha inethiwekhi kagesi ebhodini lemoto.Leli bhulokhi lenza imisebenzi eminingana ebalulekile:
- Ukushintsha amasekhethi kagesi - kulapho avulwa aphinde acishwe khona kusetshenziswa ama-relay;
- Ukuvikelwa kwamasekhethi/amadivayisi ekulayishweni ngokweqile kanye namasekhethi amafushane - amafuse avimbela ukungasebenzi kwezinto zikagesi anesibopho salokhu;
- Ukuvikelwa kwezingxenye emiphumeleni emibi - ukungcola, amazinga okushisa aphezulu, ukungena kwamanzi, amagesi okukhipha, uketshezi lobuchwepheshe, njll.;
- Usizo ekuxilongeni uhlelo lukagesi lwemoto.
Lawa mayunithi alawula igridi yamandla emoto, kodwa anomklamo olula.
Idizayini ye-VAZ yokufaka amabhlogo - umbono ojwayelekile
Wonke amabhulokhi okufakwayo asetshenziswa kumamodeli e-Volga Automobile Plant anomklamo ofanayo, aqukethe izingxenye ezilandelayo:
- Ibhodi lesifunda elithwala zonke izingxenye zeyunithi;
- Ama-Relays - amadivaysi okuvula nokuvala izinto zikagesi namadivayisi;
- Ama-Fuse avimbela ukulimala kumadivayisi namadivayisi ngenxa yamasekethe amafushane, ukwehla kwamandla kagesi, njll.;
- Izixhumi zikagesi zokuhlanganiswa kweyunithi ohlelweni lukagesi lwemoto;
- Umzimba weyunithi.
Imininingwane ebalulekile idinga ukushiwo ngokuningiliziwe.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamabhodi:
- I-Fiberglass enomhlangano ophrintiwe wezingxenye (kumamodeli okuqala);
- Ipulasitiki enokufakwa ngokushesha kwezakhi kumaphedi akhethekile (amamodeli anamuhla).
Ngokuvamile, amabhodi enziwa emhlabeni wonke, ibhodi elilodwa lingafakwa emabhuloki amamodeli ahlukahlukene kanye nokuguqulwa.Ngakho-ke, kungase kube nezixhumi zikagesi ezingabanjwanga zokudluliselwa kanye nama-fuse kuyunithi ehlanganisiwe ebhodini.
Kukhona futhi izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-relay:
- Ukudluliselwa kwe-electromagnetic evamile yokushintsha amasekhethi kagesi - bavala isifunda ngesignali evela kuzilawuli, izinzwa ezihlukahlukene, njll.;
- Ama-timer relays nama-breaker ukuvula nokusebenzisa amadivaysi ahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi, amasignali wokuvula, ama-windshield wiper nokunye.
Wonke ama-relay, kungakhathaliseki uhlobo lwawo, afakwe ngezixhumi ezikhethekile, ayashintsha ngokushesha, ngakho angashintshwa ngokoqobo endabeni yemizuzwana.
Okokugcina, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamafuse:
- I-Cylindrical Ceramic noma amafuse epulasitiki ane-fuse insert, afakwe kuzixhumi ezinoxhumana nabo abalayishwe entwasahlobo.Izingxenye ezinjalo zazisetshenziswa emabhuloki okuqala omhlangano wezimoto ze-VAZ-2104 - 2109;
- Ama-Fuse anoxhumana nabo bohlobo lommese.Ama-fuse anjalo ayashesha ukufaka futhi aphephile kunama-cylindrical fuse avamile (njengoba ubungozi bokuthinta abathintwayo kanye nokufakwa kwe-fuse buyancishiswa uma kushintsha i-fuse).Lolu uhlobo lwesimanje lwe-fuse olusetshenziswa kuwo wonke amamodeli amanje wamabhulokhi afakwayo.
Imizimba yamabhulokhi yenziwe ngepulasitiki, kumele ibe nesembozo esinama-latches noma izikulufo zokuzishaya kanye nezinto zokubopha emotweni.Kwezinye izinhlobo zemikhiqizo, ama-tweezers epulasitiki akhona futhi ukuze athathe indawo yama-fuse, agcinwa ngaphakathi kweyunithi futhi afakwe umshwalense ngokumelene nokulahlekelwa.Endaweni yangaphandle yamabhuloki, zonke izixhumi zikagesi ezidingekayo ukuze kuxhunywe kumasekhethi kagesi zenziwe.
Amamodeli Nokusebenziseka Kweyunithi Yamanje Yokufaka
Kumele kuqashelwe ngaso leso sikhathi ukuthi ku-VAZ izimoto, ibhulokhi eyodwa yokufakwayo yaqala ukufakwa kumodeli we-2104, ngaphambi kokuthi amabhulokhi ahlukene asetshenziselwe amafuse nokufakwa kokudlulisa.Njengamanje, kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zamamodeli nokuguqulwa kwalezi zingxenye:
- 152.3722 - Isetshenziswe kumamodeli 2105 no-2107
- 15.3722/154.3722 - esetshenziswe kumamodeli 2104, 2105 no-2107;
- 17.3722/173.3722 - esetshenziswe kumamodeli 2108, 2109 no-21099;
- 2105-3722010-02 futhi 2105-3722010-08 - esetshenziswe kumamodeli 21054 no-21074;
- 2110 - esetshenziswa kumamodeli 2110, 2111 kanye 2112
- 2114-3722010-60 - Isetshenziswe kumamodeli 2108, 2109, kanye no-2115
- 2114-3722010-40 - Isetshenziswe kumamodeli 2113, 2114 kanye 2115
- 2170 - esetshenziswa kumamodeli 170 no-21703 (Lada Priora);
- 21723 "Lux" (noma i-DELRHI 15493150) - isetshenziswe kumodeli 21723 (Lada Priora hatchback);
- 11183 - Isetshenziswe kumamodeli 11173, 11183 kanye no-11193
- 2123 - Isetshenziswe ku-2123
- 367.3722 / 36.3722 - esetshenziswe kumamodeli 2108, 2115;
- 53.3722 - esetshenziswe kumamodeli 1118, 2170 no-2190 (Lada Granta).
Ungathola amanye amabhlogo amaningi, okuvamise ukuthi kube ukuguqulwa kwamamodeli ashiwo.
Kumamodeli amanje e-Lada anama-air conditioner, kungase kube khona amabhulokhi angeziwe afaka ama-relay amaningana nama-fuse amasekhethi omoya.
Amayunithi avela kubakhiqizi ababili abakhulu ahlinzekwa kuma-VAZ conveyors nasemakethe: I-AVAR (Avtoelectroarmatura OJSC, Pskov, Russia) kanye ne-TOCHMASH-AUTO LLC (Vladimir, Russia).
Ukubuka okuvamile kokugcinwa nokuqedwa kokuhlukana kwamayunithi
Amabhulokhi okugxumeka ngokwawo awakhathaleki, kodwa lena yimojula yokuqala okufanele ibhekwe uma kwenzeka noma yiliphi iphutha kumasekhethi kagesi wemoto.Iqiniso liwukuthi ngokuvamile ukuwohloka kuhlotshaniswa ne-relay noma i-fuse, noma ngokulahlekelwa kokuxhumana kusixhumi, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuqeda inkinga ngokuhlola imodyuli.
Akunzima ukuthola ibhulokhi ekhuphukayo ku-VAZ yemindeni ehlukene, ingaba nezindawo ezahlukene:
- Igumbi lenjini (kumamodeli 2104, 2105 no-2107);
- Ingaphakathi, ngaphansi kwedeshibhodi (kumamodeli 2110 - 2112, kanye namamodeli amanje we-Lada);
- I-Niche phakathi kwegumbi lenjini kanye ne-windshield (kumamodeli 2108, 2109, 21099, 2113 - 2115).
Ukuze ufinyelele izingxenye zeyunithi, udinga ukususa ikhava yayo futhi wenze ukuxilonga.Inqubo yokuxazulula inkinga ichazwe encwadini yokusebenza, ukugcinwa nokulungiswa kwemoto.
Lapho uthenga izingxenye ezintsha noma amayunithi aphelele, kufanele ucabangele imodeli yawo nokuhambisana namamodeli athile emoto.Ngokuvamile, izinhlobo eziningana zamabhulokhi zifanele imodeli yemoto eyodwa, ngakho-ke kwezinye izimoto, ukukhetha kungaxazululwa ngokushesha nangezindleko eziphansi.Ngama-relay nama-fuse, izinto zilula nakakhulu, njengoba zisezingeni futhi ziguquguquka.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-18-2023