Isisekelo sokulawula injini yomjovo wumhlangano we-throttle, olawula ukugeleza komoya kumasilinda.Uma ungenzi lutho, umsebenzi wokuhambisa umoya uya kwenye iyunithi - isilawuli sejubane esingenzi lutho.Funda mayelana nabalawuli, izinhlobo zabo, ukwakheka nokusebenza, kanye nokukhetha kwabo nokushintshwa kwabo esihlokweni.
Yini isilawuli sesivinini esingenzi lutho?
Isilawuli sejubane esingenzi lutho (XXX, isilawuli somoya esengeziwe, inzwa engenzi lutho, i-DXH) iyindlela elawulayo yohlelo lokuphakelwa kwamandla ezinjini zomjovo;Idivayisi ye-electromechanical esekelwe ku-stepper motor ehlinzeka ngokuhlinzekwa komoya onemitha kumamukeli wemoto ngokudlula i-throttle valve evaliwe.
Enjinini yomlilo yangaphakathi enesistimu yomjovo kaphethiloli (ama-injection), ukulawulwa kwesivinini kwenziwa ngokuhlinzeka ngevolumu edingekayo yomoya emakamelweni avuthayo (noma kunalokho, kumamukeli) ngomhlangano we-throttle, lapho i-valve ye-throttle elawulwa i-gas pedal itholakala.Kodwa-ke, kulo mklamo, kunenkinga ye-idling - lapho i-pedal ingacindezelwa, i-valve ye-throttle ivaliwe ngokuphelele futhi umoya awuhambi emakamelweni omlilo.Ukuxazulula le nkinga, umshini okhethekile wethulwa emhlanganweni we-throttle ohlinzeka ngokuhlinzekwa komoya lapho i-damper ivaliwe - isilawuli sejubane esingenzi lutho.
I-XXX yenza imisebenzi embalwa:
● Ukunikezwa komoya odingekayo ukuqalisa nokufudumeza iyunithi yamandla;
● Ukulungiswa kanye nokuzinzisa ubuncane besivinini senjini (i-idling);
● Ukudambisa ukugeleza komoya ngezindlela zesikhashana - ngokuvuleka okubukhali nokuvalwa kwe-throttle valve;
● Ukulungiswa kokusebenza kwemoto ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene.
Isilawuli sesivinini esingenzi-lutho esifakwe kumzimba wokuhlanganisa i-throttle siqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwenjini uma ingenzi lutho futhi uma ilayisha ingxenye.Ukwehluleka kwale ngxenye kuphazamisa ukusebenza kwenjini noma kuyikhubaza ngokuphelele.Uma kutholakala ukungasebenzi kahle, i-RHX kufanele ishintshwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, kodwa ngaphambi kokuthenga ingxenye entsha, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuklama nokusebenza kwalolu phiko.
Umhlangano we-throttle kanye nendawo ye-RHX kuwo
Izinhlobo, umklamo kanye nesimiso sokusebenza kwe-PHX
Zonke izilawuli ezingenzi lutho ziqukethe izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko: i-stepper motor, i-valve assembly, kanye ne-actuator ye-valve.I-PX ifakwe esiteshini esikhethekile (i-bypass, bypass), etholakala ngokudlula i-valve ye-throttle, futhi umhlangano wayo we-valve ulawula ukudlula kwalesi siteshi (ulungisa ububanzi bawo kusukela ekuvaleni okugcwele kuya ekuvuleni okugcwele) - yile ndlela ukunikezwa komoya umamukeli futhi kuqhubeke kumasilinda kuyalungiswa.
Ngokwesakhiwo, i-PXX ingahluka kakhulu, namuhla kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezintathu zalawa madivayisi:
● I-axial (i-axial) ene-valve eyi-conical kanye nedrayivu eqondile;
● I-Radial (emise okwe-L) enevalvu eyisikhonkwane noma emise okuka-T ene-drive egiyeni lezikelemu;
● Ngevalvu yomkhakha (ivalve uvemvane) enedrayivu eqondile.
I-Axial PXX ene-valve eyi-conical isetshenziswa kakhulu ezimotweni zabagibeli ezinenjini encane (kufika ku-2 amalitha).Isisekelo somklamo yi-motor stepper, eduze kwe-axis ye-rotor lapho kunqunywa khona intambo - i-screw lead ifakwe kule ntambo, isebenza njengenduku, futhi iphethe i-valve yesigaxa.Isikulufu sokuhola esine-rotor sakha i-actuator ye-valve - lapho i-rotor izungeza, isiqu siyanwebeka noma sihlehla ngevalvu.Lesi sakhiwo sonke sifakwe ebhokisini lepulasitiki noma lensimbi eline-flange yokufaka umhlangano we-throttle (ukufakwa kungenziwa ngezikulufo noma ama-bolts, kodwa ukufakwa kwe-varnish kuvame ukusetshenziswa - isilawuli simane sinamathiselwe emzimbeni we-throttle ngosizo olukhethekile. i-varnish).Ngemuva kwekesi kunesixhumi esijwayelekile sikagesi sokuxhuma kuyunithi yokulawula injini ye-elekthronikhi (ECU) kanye nokuphakela amandla.
I-No-load regulator ene-direct valve stem drive
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ekuqondiseni i-trapezoids ye-axle ene-suspension ozimele, induku eyodwa yokubopha isetshenziswa ngempela, ihlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu - ibizwa ngokuthi induku ehlakazekile.Ukusetshenziswa kothayi onqanyuliwe kuvimbela ukuchezuka okuzenzakalelayo kwamasondo ayisiteringi lapho ushayela kuma-bumps emgwaqeni ngenxa ye-amplitude ehlukene ye-oscillation yamasondo angakwesokudla nangakwesokunxele.I-trapezoid ngokwayo ingatholakala ngaphambili nangemuva kwe-axle yamasondo, esimweni sokuqala ibizwa ngokuthi ingaphambili, okwesibili - ngemuva (ngakho ungacabangi ukuthi "i-trapezoid yangemuva" iyigiya lokuqondisa elitholakala. i-asi yangemuva yemoto).
Ezinhlelweni zokuqondisa ezisekelwe ku-rack yokuqondisa, kusetshenziswa izinduku ezimbili kuphela - okuphambene kwesokudla nakwesobunxele ukushayela amasondo angakwesokudla nangakwesokunxele, ngokulandelana.Eqinisweni, lena i-trapezoid yokuqondisa enenduku ye-longitudinal ehlukanisiwe ene-hinge phakathi nendawo - lesi sixazululo senza kube lula ukuklama kokuqondisa, okwandisa ukuthembeka kwayo.Izinduku zalo mshini zihlala zinomklamo oyinhlanganisela, izingxenye zazo zangaphandle zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi amathiphu okuqondisa.
Izinduku zokubopha zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili ngokuya ngamathuba okushintsha ubude bazo:
● Okungalawulwa - izinduku zocezu olulodwa ezinobude obunikeziwe, zisetshenziswa kumadrayivu anezinye izinduku ezilungisekayo noma ezinye izingxenye;
● Okushintshekayo - izinti eziyinhlanganisela, okuthi, ngenxa yezingxenye ezithile, zingashintsha ubude bazo ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ethile ukuze zilungise igiya lokuqondisa.
Ekugcineni, izinduku zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amaningi ngokuya ngokusebenza kwazo - ezimotweni namaloli, ezimotweni ezineziqondiso zamandla nezingenawo, njll.
I-Radial (emise okwe-L) i-PXX cishe inohlelo olufanayo, kodwa ingasebenza nezinjini ezinamandla kakhulu.Zibuye zisekelwe ku-stepper motor, kodwa ku-axis ye-rotor yayo (armature) kukhona isibungu, esihlanganisa i-counter gear, sizungeza ukugeleza kwe-torque ngama-degree angu-90.I-stem drive ixhunywe egiyeni, okuqinisekisa ukunwetshwa noma ukuhoxiswa kwe-valve.Sonke lesi sakhiwo sitholakala endlini emise okwe-L enezinto ezikhwezayo kanye nesixhumi esijwayelekile sikagesi sokuxhuma ku-ECU.
I-PXX ene-valve yomkhakha (damper) isetshenziswa ezinjinini ezinomthamo omkhulu wezimoto, ama-SUV namaloli okuhweba.Isisekelo sedivayisi yi-stepper motor ene-armature engaguquki, lapho i-stator enamazibuthe angapheli ingajikeleza.I-stator yenziwe ngendlela yengilazi, ifakwe ekuthwaleni futhi ixhunywe ngokuqondile ku-flap yomkhakha - ipuleti evimbela iwindi phakathi kwamapayipi okungena nokuphuma.I-RHX yalo mklamo yenziwa esimweni esifanayo namapayipi, axhunywe kumhlangano we-throttle kanye nomamukeli ngokusebenzisa ama-hoses.Futhi ecaleni kukhona isixhumi esijwayelekile sikagesi.
Ngaphandle komehluko wokuklama, yonke i-PHX inomgomo wokusebenza ofanayo ngokuyisisekelo.Okwamanje i-ignition ivuliwe (ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuqala injini), isignali yamukelwa kusukela ku-ECU kuya ku-RX ukuvala ngokuphelele i-valve - yile ndlela i-zero point yomlawuli isethwe, lapho inani le-valve livela khona. Khona-ke ukuvulwa kwesiteshi se-bypass kuyalinganiswa.Iphuzu le-zero lihlelwe ukuze kulungiswe ukuguga okungenzeka kwe-valve kanye nesihlalo sayo, ukuqapha kokuvalwa okuphelele kwe-valve kwenziwa yi-current in the circuit PXX (uma i-valve ibekwe esihlalweni, okwamanje. ukwanda) noma ngezinye izinzwa.I-ECU ibe isithumela amasignali e-pulse ku-PX stepper motor, ezungeza nge-engeli eyodwa noma enye ukuze uvule i-valve.Izinga lokuvulwa kwe-valve libalwa ezinyathelweni zemoto kagesi, inombolo yabo incike ekwakhiweni kwe-XXX kanye nama-algorithms afakwe ku-ECU.Imvamisa, lapho injini iqala futhi injini engashiswanga, i-valve ivulekile ngamagxathu angama-240-250, futhi enjini efudumele, ama-valve amamodeli ahlukahlukene avula ngezinyathelo ezingama-50-120 (okungukuthi, kuze kufike ku-45-50% ukuphambana kwesiteshi).Ezimweni ezihlukahlukene zesikhashana futhi ekulayisheni kwenjini okuyingxenye, i-valve ingavuleka kulo lonke uhla kusuka ku-0 kuya ku-240-250 izinyathelo.
Okungukuthi, ngesikhathi sokuqalisa injini, i-RHX inikeza ivolumu edingekayo yomoya kumamukeli we-idling evamile yenjini (ngesivinini esingaphansi kuka-1000 rpm) ukuze uyifudumeze futhi ufake imodi evamile.Khona-ke, lapho umshayeli elawula injini esebenzisa i-accelerator (i-gas pedal), i-PHX inciphisa inani lomoya ongena esiteshini sokudlula kuze kube yilapho ivalwa ngokuphelele.Injini ye-ECU ihlale iqapha indawo ye-valve ye-throttle, inani lomoya ongenayo, ukugcwala komoya-mpilo kumagesi okukhipha umoya, ijubane le-crankshaft nezinye izici, futhi ngokususelwa kule datha ilawula isilawuli sejubane esingenzi lutho, kuyo yonke injini. izindlela zokusebenza eziqinisekisa ukwakheka okuphelele kwengxube evuthayo.
Umjikelezo wokulungiswa kokunikezwa komoya ngesilawuli sejubane esingenzi lutho
Izinkinga zokukhetha nokushintshwa kwesilawuli sesivinini esingenzi lutho
Izinkinga nge-XXX zibonakaliswa ngokusebenza kwesici seyunithi yamandla - isivinini esingenzi lutho esingazinzile noma ukuma okuzenzakalelayo ngesivinini esiphansi, amandla okuqalisa injini kuphela ngokucindezela njalo kwe-pedal yegesi, kanye nokwenyuka kwesivinini sokungenzi lutho enjinini efudumele. .Uma izimpawu ezinjalo zivela, umlawuli kufanele ahlolwe ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo yokulungisa imoto.
Ezimotweni ezingenalo uhlelo lokuzihlola lwe-XXX, kufanele wenze isheke lemanuwali lesilawuli namasekhethi ayo amandla - lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa umhloli ojwayelekile.Ukuze uhlole isifunda samandla, kuyadingeka ukukala i-voltage kuyo yonke inzwa lapho ukuthungela kuvuliwe, futhi ukuze uhlole inzwa ngokwayo, udinga ukudayela ama-windings enjini yayo kagesi.Ezimotweni ezinohlelo lokuxilonga lwe-XXX, kuyadingeka ukufunda amakhodi amaphutha usebenzisa isithwebuli noma ikhompuyutha.Kunoma yikuphi, uma kutholakala ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-RHX, kufanele kushintshwe.
Yilabo kuphela abalawuli abangasebenza nalo mhlangano othize we-throttle kanye ne-ECU okufanele kukhethwe ukushintshwa.I-PHX edingekayo ikhethwa ngenombolo yekhathalogi.Kwezinye izimo, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa ama-analogues, kodwa kungcono ukuthi ungakwenzi ukuhlolwa okunjalo ngezimoto ngaphansi kwewaranti.
Ukushintshwa kwe-PXX kwenziwa ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo yokulungisa imoto.Ngokuvamile, lo msebenzi wehlela ezinyathelweni ezimbalwa:
1.Yehlisa amandla ohlelweni lukagesi lwemoto;
2.Susa isixhumi sikagesi kusilawuli;
3.Hqa i-RHX ngokuqaqa izikulufu ezimbili noma ngaphezulu (amabhawodi);
4.Hlanza indawo yokufaka isilawuli;
5.Faka futhi uxhume i-PXX entsha, kuyilapho udinga ukusebenzisa izakhi zokuvala ezifakiwe (amasongo erabha noma ama-gaskets).
Kwezinye izimoto, kungase kudingeke futhi ukudiliza ezinye izakhi - amapayipi, izindlu zokuhlunga umoya, njll.
Uma i-RHX ifakwe emotweni nge-varnish, khona-ke kuzodingeka ususe wonke umhlangano we-throttle, futhi ubeke umlawuli omusha ku-varnish ekhethekile ethengiwe ngokuhlukana.Ukufakwa kwamadivayisi ane-damper yomkhakha, kunconywa ukusebenzisa ama-clamps amasha ukulungisa ama-hoses kumapayipi.
Ngokukhetha okulungile nokufakwa, i-RHX izoqala ukusebenza ngokushesha, iqinisekise ukusebenza okuvamile kwenjini kuzo zonke izindlela.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-26-2023