kunoma iyiphi injini evuthayo yangaphakathi, izinsimbi eziyinhloko nezisizayo ziqhutshwa ku-crankshaft kusetshenziswa i-pulley nebhande.Funda mayelana nokuthi iyini i-crankshaft pulley, yiziphi izinhlobo zayo ezikhona, ukuthi isebenza kanjani futhi isebenza kanjani, kanye nokushintsha nokulungisa i-pulley esihlokweni esihlongozwayo.
Inhloso kanye nendima ye-crankshaft pulley
Noma iyiphi injini evuthayo yangaphakathi iqukethe amasistimu ambalwa adinga umthombo wamandla ayimishini ukuze isebenze.Amasistimu anjalo ahlanganisa indlela yokusabalalisa igesi, amasistimu okuthambisa kanye nokupholisa, amasistimu okuthungela othintana ne-breaker-distributor, amasistimu okunikezwa kukaphethiloli nokunye.Umthombo wamandla kuzo zonke lezi zinhlelo yi-crankshaft - kuvela ukuthi ingxenye ye-torque ithathwa, esetshenziselwa ukushayela ama-shafts, amaphampu, i-generator namanye amayunithi.Ngasikhathi sinye, kusetshenziswa amadrayivu amaningana ahlukene enjinini: ibhande lesikhathi noma i-chain drive kanye nokushayela kwegiya kwamayunithi.Lapha sizocubungula kuphela amabhande okushayela, okubandakanya i-crankshaft pulley.
I-crankshaft pulley iyingxenye ye-timing belt drive kanye nezinye izindlela ezisizayo zezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi (zombili uphethiloli nodizili).I-pulley itholakala ezinzwaneni (okungukuthi, ngaphambili) kwe-crankshaft, isetshenziselwa ukushayela i-camshaft (noma i-shafts), kanye nenani lamayunithi - iphampu ye-liquid (ipompo), i-generator, iphampu yokuqondisa amandla, i-fan yokupholisa, i-air conditioning compressor, i-pneumatic compressor nokunye.
Futhi, i-crankshaft pulley ingenza imisebenzi emibili yokusiza:
- Ukulandelela isivinini se-angular kanye nokuma kwe-crankshaft usebenzisa inzwa efanele;
- Ukuncipha kokudlidliza okwenzeka ngesikhathi injini iqala/ima kanye nezimo zesikhashana.
Ngokuvamile, i-crankshaft pulley, naphezu kokulula nokungabonakali kwayo, iyingxenye ebalulekile yanoma iyiphi injini yesimanje.Namuhla, kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zalezi zingxenye, futhi zonke zixazulula izinkinga ezahlukene.
Izinhlobo nezici zokuklama zama-crankshaft pulleys
Izinjini zisebenzisa izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-crankshaft pulleys, ahluke ngomklamo nenjongo:
- Brook pulleys for V-belt transmission;
- Ama-pulleys anamazinyo ebhande elinamazinyo.
Ama-Brook pulleys ayisixazululo sakudala esisetshenziswe ezinjinini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi kusukela zasungulwa.Ubuso obungaphandle be-pulley enjalo bunomfudlana owodwa noma ngaphezulu owenziwe nge-V, ohlanganisa ibhande lesimo esifanele (i-V-shaped noma i-V-rib).Ama-pulleys anjalo asetshenziswa kuphela ku-V-belt transmissions, lapho kungekho sidingo sokufakwa okunembile kwe-crankshaft namayunithi ahlobene nomunye nomunye.Amagiya anjalo ahlanganisa ukushayela kwephampu yamanzi, ijeneretha, i-air conditioning compressor, i-air compressor, ifeni kanye nepompo lesikhathi.
Ama-toothed pulleys ayisixazululo sesimanje esisetshenziswe ezinjinini eminyakeni engamashumi amabili kuya kwamathathu edlule.Ama-pulleys anjalo asetshenziswa kumagiya anamabhande esikhathi, athatha indawo ye-timing chain drive.Ama-pulley anamazinyo e-crankshaft namayunithi kanye nebhande lesikhathi eliwaxhumayo aqinisekisa indawo ethile yamayunithi ahlobene namanye.Ezimweni eziningi, i-pulley enamazinyo isetshenziselwa ukushayela isikhathi nepompo yamanzi, futhi ukushayela kwamayunithi asele kwenziwa ngokudluliswa okuhlukile kwe-V-belt.
Kukhona futhi ama-pulleys ahlanganisiwe, okuyisakhiwo sama-pulleys anamazinyo nama-wedge (noma ama-V-ribbed).Ama-pulleys anjalo asetshenziselwa ukushayela isikhathi kanye nenani lamayunithi asizayo enjini.Kungaba namapulley amaningana (afinyelela kwamane) wedge/V-ribbed kulo mklamo.
Wonke lawa ma-pulleys ahlukaniswe abe izinhlobo ezimbili ngokuklama:
- One-piece/milled;
- Inhlanganisela imanzi.
Amapulangwe ohlobo lokuqala ayizingxenye eziqinile eziphonswe noma eziqoshwe ocezwini olulodwa lwensimbi (insimbi ecijile noma insimbi).Ama-pulley anjalo alula futhi ashibhile, kodwa adlulisela kumayunithi konke ukudlidliza okwenzeka lapho i-crankshaft izungeza.
Ama-pulleys ohlobo lwesibili ahlanganisiwe, ahlanganisa ihabhu kanye nendandatho exhunywe ngendandatho yenjoloba.Ngenxa yokuba khona kwendandatho yerabha, ihabhu nomqhele kuyahlukaniswa, ngakho-ke ukudlidliza nokudlidliza okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokujikeleza kwe-crankshaft kuyancishiswa.Ama-pulleys anjalo asindayo, ayinkimbinkimbi futhi ayabiza kakhulu, kodwa lokhu kukhokha ngokuthembeka okungcono nokuqina kwayo yonke i-belt drive.
Futhi, ama-pulleys ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili ngokusho kohlobo lokubopha:
- Ukuqiniswa ngebhawodi emaphakathi nokhiye;
- Ukuqiniswa ngamabhawodi amaningana (2-6).
Ezinjinini zesimanje, i-crankshaft pulley, ikakhulukazi uma kuyi-timing belt drive, ivamise ukufakwa kwibhawodi eyodwa, futhi ivinjwa ukuthi ingajiki nokhiye.Ama-pulleys asizayo angaboshwa ngamabhawodi amaningana, futhi ukufakwa kwenziwa kuhabhu, okungaba ukuqhubeka kwe-sprocket ye-timing chain drive, noma iphonswe ozwaneni lwe-crankshaft, noma ingxenye ezimele enokhiye wokhiye uzwane lwe-shaft.
Kuma-pulleys ezinjini zesimanje, ngaphezu kwemifudlana noma amazinyo ngaphansi kwebhande, kungenziwa igiya lendandatho ukuze kusebenze inzwa ye-crankshaft position (DPKV).Umqhele ubizwa ngokuthi i-master disc yenzwa ye-crankshaft, ingabunjwa kanye ne-pulley, noma ingenziwa njengengxenye ehlukile nge-bolting.
Noma iyiphi i-crankshaft pulley iyabhalansa ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa ukuze kuqedwe ukudlidliza nokushaywa.Ukususa insimbi eyeqile, ama-depressions amancane afakwa ku-pulley.
Izinkinga zokushintshwa nokulungiswa kwe-crankshaft pulley
I-crankshaft pulley iyingxenye ethembekile futhi eqinile, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ingase yonakaliswe futhi yehluleke.Uma kutholwa ukugqoka kwe-pulley enamazinyo, kanye nalapho kwenzeka ukuqhekeka, ukuphuka, ukuguqulwa nokunye ukulimala, i-pulley kufanele ihlakazwe futhi ithathelwe indawo entsha.Ukudiliza i-pulley kungase kudingeke lapho kwenziwa umsebenzi wokulungisa injini.
Inqubo yokufaka esikhundleni se-crankshaft pulley incike ohlotsheni lokunamathiselwe kwayo.Indlela elula ukususa i-pulley kuma-bolts - vele uvule ama-bolts, ngenkathi ulungisa i-crankshaft, uvimbele ukuthi ingajiki.Ukudiliza i-pulley enamazinyo ngebhawodi eyodwa kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile kubukeka kanjena:
1. Lungisa imoto ngokubeka izitobhi ngaphansi kwamasondo, uma kuyinjini kaphethiloli, susa isixhumi kukhoyili yokuthungela (ukuze i-starter iphenduke, kodwa injini ingaqali), esimweni senjini ye-diesel, khipha isixhumi ku-valve yokunikeza uphethiloli wepompo yomjovo;
2.Phatha ibhawodi nganoma iyiphi indlela ezosiza ukudabula izibophelelo endaweni ngaphandle kokuzephula;
3.Faka ukhiye onesibambo eside kubhawodi, kufanele ufinyelele phansi, noma ngaphezu kwalokho usebenzise ipayipi;
4.Vula injini ngesiqalisi - kulokhu, ibhawudi kufanele lijike.Uma kungasebenzi okokuqala, ungaphinda;
5.Khumula ibhawodi;
6.Usebenzisa umdonsi okhethekile, qaqa i-pulley ozwaneni lwe-crankshaft.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukufinyelela i-pulley ezimotweni ezinenjini ye-longitudinal, kungcono ukusebenzisa umgodi wokuhlola, futhi ezimotweni ezinenjini eguquguqukayo, isondo elifanele kuzodingeka lihlakazwe.
Lapho uphula ibhawudi, kufanele kuqashelwe - ifakwe ngomzamo omkhulu, ngakho-ke ingozi yokuphuka kwayo iphezulu kakhulu.Kunconywa ukususa i-pulley ku-crankshaft usebenzisa i-puller ekhethekile, nakuba ungasebenzisa i-blade elula yokufaka, kodwa kulokhu kufanele futhi uqaphele.Amanye ama-pulleys anezimbobo ezikhethekile ezinentambo ongafaka kuzo ama-bolts futhi ususe i-pulley.Kodwa-ke, kulokhu, ishidi lensimbi kufanele libekwe ngaphansi kwama-bolts aboshwe, ngoba ibhawodi lingangena odongeni lwangaphambili lwebhulokhi yenjini noma ezinye izingxenye ezingaphansi kwayo.
Ukufakwa kwe-crankshaft pulley kwenziwa ngokulandelana okuphambene.Kodwa-ke, kungase kube nobunzima, njengoba i-pulley ifakwe ngokuqinile ezinzwaneni ze-crankshaft, okudinga umzamo omkhulu womzimba.Indawo yokufika ye-pulley ingaphathwa ngamafutha ukuze kube lula ukufakwa kwayo.
Ngokushintshwa kahle kwe-crankshaft pulley, wonke amayunithi enjini azosebenza ngokujwayelekile, aqinisekise ukusebenza okuthembekile kwayo yonke iyunithi yamandla.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-27-2023