I-actuator ye-pneumatic yesistimu ye-brake ilula futhi isebenza kahle ekusebenzeni, noma kunjalo, ubude obude bemigqa bungaholela ekubambezelekeni kokusebenza kwezinqubo zokubhuleka zama-axles angemuva.Le nkinga ixazululwa yiyunithi ekhethekile - i-valve ye-accelerator, idivayisi nokusebenza kwayo okunikezwe kulesi sihloko.
Iyini i-valve ye-accelerator?
I-accelerator valve (MC) iyingxenye yokulawula yesistimu yokubhuleka ene-pneumatic drive.Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-valve esabalalisa ukugeleza komoya ocindezelwe phakathi kwezinto zohlelo lwe-pneumatic ngokuhambisana nezindlela zokusebenza zamabhuleki.
Ikhodi Yobugebengu inemisebenzi emibili:
• Ukuncishiswa kwesikhathi sokuphendula sendlela yesondo lamabhuleki lama-ekseli angemuva;
• Ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle kwezindawo zokupaka kanye nezinhlelo zokubhuleka eziyisipele.
Lawa mayunithi afakwe amaloli namabhasi, akuvamile ukuthi le yunithi isetshenziswe kuma-trailer nama-semi-trailer.
Izinhlobo zama-valve e-accelerator
Inkampani yokuphatha ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ngokuya ngokusebenza, indlela yokuphatha kanye nokucushwa.
Ngokusho kokusebenza kweKhodi Yobugebengu, kunezinhlobo ezimbili:
- Ukulawula ama-contours of the parking (manual) kanye namabhuleki ayisipele;
- Ukulawula izakhi ze-actuator ye-pneumatic yama-actuator wesistimu ye-brake eyinhloko yama-axles angemuva.
Imvamisa, ama-valve e-accelerator afakwe ohlelweni lokupaka ne-spare brake, ama-actuator awo ama-energy accumulators (EA) ahlanganiswe nama-brake chambers.Iyunithi ilawula i-EA pneumatic circuit, ihlinzeka ngokopha komoya ngokushesha ngesikhathi sokubhuleka kanye nokunikezwa kwayo okusheshayo kusilinda somoya esihlukile lapho isuswa kumabhuleki.
Ama-accelerator valves asetshenziswa kancane kakhulu ukulawula amabhuleki amakhulu.Kulokhu, iyunithi yenza ukuhlinzekwa okusheshayo komoya ocindezelwe kusuka kusilinda somoya esihlukile kuya emakamelweni amabhuleki ngesikhathi sokubhuleka kanye nomoya wopha ngesikhathi sokubhuleka.
Ngokwendlela yokuphatha, i-Criminal Code ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu:
• Ilawulwa ngomoya;
• Ilawulwa ngogesi.
I-accelerator elawulwa nge-elekthronikhi
Ama-valve alawulwa ngomoya yiwona alula futhi asetshenziswa kakhulu.Alawulwa ngokushintsha ingcindezi yomoya evela kuma-main or manual brake valves.Ama-valve alawulwa nge-elekthronikhi aqukethe ama-solenoid valves, ukusebenza kwawo okulawulwa yiyunithi ye-elekthronikhi.Izinkampani ezinjalo zokuphatha zisetshenziswa ezimotweni ezinezinhlelo zokuphepha ezizenzakalelayo (EBS nezinye).
Ngokusho kokucushwa, i-Criminal Code nayo ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili:
• Ngaphandle kwezingxenye ezengeziwe;
• Ngokunokwenzeka kokufaka i-muffler.
Enkampanini yokuphatha yohlobo lwesibili, intaba inikezwa ukufakwa kwe-muffler - idivayisi ekhethekile enciphisa amandla omsindo womoya ophumayo.Nokho, ukusebenza kwazo zombili izinhlobo zama-valve kuyafana.
Idizayini kanye nesimiso sokusebenza kwamavalvu e-accelerator
Okulula kakhulu ukuklama nokusebenza kwenkampani yokuphatha yesistimu ye-brake yesevisi.Isekelwe ebhokisini lensimbi elinamapayipi amathathu, ngaphakathi lapho kukhona i-piston kanye nama-valve e-exhaust nama-bypass ahlobene.Ake sihlolisise ukuklama nokusebenza kwalolu hlobo lwenkampani yokuphatha sisebenzisa isibonelo semodeli yendawo yonke 16.3518010.
Iyunithi ixhunywe ngale ndlela elandelayo: iphinikhodi I - kuya kulayini wokulawula wesistimu ye-pneumatic (kusuka ku-valve ye-brake enkulu), i-pin II - kumamukeli, i-pin III - kuya kulayini wokubhuleka (kuya emakamelweni).I-valve isebenza kalula.Ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwemoto, ingcindezi ephansi ibonakala kulayini wokulawula, ngakho-ke i-piston 1 iyaphakanyiswa, i-valve yokukhipha i-2 ivuliwe futhi umugqa we-brake ngokusebenzisa i-terminal III kanye nesiteshi 7 sixhunywe emkhathini, amabhuleki ayavinjelwa. .Uma ubhuleka, ingcindezi kulayini wokulawula kanye negumbi "A" iyakhuphuka, i-piston 1 ihlehle iye phansi, i-valve 2 ihlangane nesihlalo 3 bese iphusha i-bypass valve 4, eyenza ukuthi isuke esihlalweni. 5. Ngenxa yalokho, i-pin II ixhunywe ekamelweni elithi "B" ne-pin III - umoya ovela kumamukeli uqondiswe emakamelweni ama-brake, imoto ibhuleki.Lapho unqamula, ingcindezi kumugqa wokulawula iyehla futhi izehlakalo ezichazwe ngenhla ziyabonwa - umugqa wamabhuleki uxhumeke kusiteshi 7 ngephinikhodi III futhi umoya ovela emakamelweni amabhuleki ukhishelwe emkhathini, imoto iyavinjwa.
Idivayisi ye-valve ye-accelerator ye-KAMAZ
Iphampu yesandla yohlobo lwe-bellows isebenza kalula.Ukucindezelwa komzimba ngesandla kuholela ekwandeni kwengcindezi - ngaphansi kwethonya lalokhu kucindezela, i-valve yokukhipha iyavuleka (futhi i-valve yokungena ihlala ivaliwe), umoya noma uphethiloli ngaphakathi uphushelwa emgqeni.Khona-ke umzimba, ngenxa yokunwebeka kwawo, ubuyela esimweni sawo sokuqala (ukunwebeka), ukucindezela okukuwo kuyehla futhi kube ngaphansi kunomkhathi, i-valve yokukhipha umoya iyavala, futhi i-valve yokungena iyavuleka.I-Fuel ingena empompini nge-valve yokungena evulekile, futhi ngesikhathi esilandelayo lapho umzimba ucindezelwa, umjikelezo uyaphinda.
Inkampani yokuphatha, eyenzelwe "ibhuleki lesandla" kanye ne-spare brake, ihlelwe ngendlela efanayo, kodwa ayilawulwa yi-valve ye-brake enkulu, kodwa i-valve yebhuleki ye-manual ("ibhuleki lesandla").Ake sicabangele isimiso sokusebenza kwalolu phiko ngesibonelo seyunithi ehambisanayo yezimoto ze-KAMAZ.I-terminal I yayo ixhunywe kulayini we-EA wamabhuleki angemuva, i-terminal II ixhunywe emkhathini, i-terminal III ixhunywe kumamukeli, i-terminal IV ixhunywe kulayini we-hand brake valve.Ngenkathi imoto ihamba, umoya we-high-pressure unikezwa izikhonkwane ze-III ne-IV (kusuka ku-receiver eyodwa, ngakho-ke ingcindezi iyafana lapha), kodwa indawo engaphezulu ye-piston 3 inkulu kunephansi, ngakho-ke. isendaweni ephansi.I-valve yokukhipha i-1 ivaliwe, futhi i-valve yokungena i-4 ivuliwe, ama-terminals I no-III adluliselwa ngekamelo "A", futhi i-atmospheric outlet II ivaliwe - umoya ocindezelwe unikezwa ku-EA, iziphethu zabo zicindezelwa futhi uhlelo aluvinjiwe.
Lapho imoto ifakwa kwibhuleki lokupaka noma lapho i-spare system yamabhuleki ivuliwe, umfutho we-IV terminal uyancipha (umoya uphuma nge-valve yesandla), i-piston 3 iyakhuphuka, i-valve yokukhipha umoya iyavuleka, kanye nokudonsa. i-valve, ngokuphambene, ivala.Lokhu kuholela ekuxhumekeni kwamatheminali I no-II kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwamatheminali I no-III - umoya ovela ku-EA uphuma emkhathini, iziphethu ezikuzo azikacaci futhi ziholela ekubhulekeni kwemoto.Uma ukhishwa kubhuleki lesandla, izinqubo ziqhubeka ngokulandelana okuhlanekezelwe.
Izinkampani zokuphatha ezilawulwa nge-elekthronikhi zingasebenza ngendlela efanayo naleyo echazwe ngenhla, noma zilawulwe iyunithi ye-elekthronikhi ngokuvumelana nama-algorithms abekiwe.Kodwa ngokuvamile, baxazulula izinkinga ezifanayo nama-valve alawulwa umoya.
Njengoba ubona, i-valve ye-accelerator yenza imisebenzi ye-relay - ilawula izingxenye zesistimu ye-pneumatic ekude ne-valve ye-brake enkulu noma i-valve ye-manual, ivimbela ukulahlekelwa kwengcindezi emigqeni emide.Yilokhu okuqinisekisa ukusebenza okusheshayo nokuthembekile kwamabhuleki kuma-asi angemuva emoto.
Izinkinga zokukhethwa nokulungiswa kwe-valve ye-accelerator
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemoto, inkampani yokuphatha, njengezinye izingxenye zesistimu ye-pneumatic, ibhekene nemithwalo ebalulekile, ngakho-ke kufanele ihlolwe ngezikhathi ezithile ngomonakalo, ukuvuza komoya, njll.
Uma ushintsha, kuyadingeka ukufaka amayunithi alezo zinhlobo namamodeli anconywe yi-automaker.Uma kwenziwa isinqumo sokufaka ama-analogue e-valve yokuqala, khona-ke iyunithi entsha kufanele ihambisane nezici zangempela kanye nobukhulu bokufaka.Ngezinye izici, i-valve ingase ingasebenzi kahle futhi ingaqinisekisi ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu ye-brake.
Ngokukhetha okulungile kwe-valve ye-accelerator nokugcinwa ngesikhathi esifanele, isistimu ye-brake yemoto noma ibhasi izosebenza ngokuthembekile, inikeze induduzo nokuphepha okudingekayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-21-2023